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Method for preparing composite silicon-based aerogel by using iron tailings as raw material

A composite technology of iron tailings, applied in the direction of airgel preparation, chemical instruments and methods, colloid chemistry, etc., can solve the problems of low safety factor, restriction of industrial production, harsh conditions, etc., to reduce environmental impact, improve Recycling rate, effect of enhancing structural strength

Active Publication Date: 2018-12-18
ZHEJIANG UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

At present, the comprehensive utilization rate of iron tailings in my country is very low, less than 20%, and most of them are used as building fillers. There are few high-end products, mainly due to factors such as complex preparation process and harsh reaction conditions, which make it impossible to produce in large quantities.
The post-processing of the initial preparation of airgel is to use supercritical drying method; supercritical drying has the disadvantages of low safety factor and harsh conditions, which limits the industrialization and large-scale application of airgel materials
Tetraethyl silicate (TEOS) is used as the precursor for the preparation of silicon aerogels to prepare aerogels by atmospheric pressure drying, but tetraethyl silicate also has the disadvantage of being relatively expensive
The preparation of existing silicon-based aerogels is not only expensive in raw materials, but also in harsh drying conditions, which greatly limits its industrial production

Method used

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  • Method for preparing composite silicon-based aerogel by using iron tailings as raw material
  • Method for preparing composite silicon-based aerogel by using iron tailings as raw material
  • Method for preparing composite silicon-based aerogel by using iron tailings as raw material

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Embodiment 1

[0027] A method for preparing composite silicon-based airgel with iron tailings as raw material, comprising the following steps:

[0028] 1) The iron tailings are crushed, and the iron tailings powder with a mesh number of more than 100 meshes is mixed with sodium hydroxide particles at a mass ratio of 1:1.4, and heated to 400°C in a muffle furnace for 2 hours for alkali dissolution reaction. After cooling to room temperature, mix with water at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:3 (that is, mix the whole mixture of cooled iron tailings and sodium hydroxide with water, the following are the same, and the unit of solid-to-liquid ratio is g / mL). Heat and stir at 70°C for 20 hours, collect the filtrate after filtration, and obtain a crude silicon solution;

[0029] 2) The crude silicon solution obtained in step 1) is mixed evenly with the water glass solution at a volume ratio of 6:1 (the water glass solution is added to supplement the silicon source), and the ion exchange is carried ou...

Embodiment 2

[0036] A method for preparing composite silicon-based airgel with iron tailings as raw material, comprising the following steps:

[0037] 1) The iron tailings are crushed, and the iron tailings powder with a mesh number of more than 100 meshes is mixed with sodium hydroxide particles at a mass ratio of 1:2.2, and heated to 500°C in a muffle furnace for 3 hours for alkali dissolution reaction. After cooling to room temperature, mix it with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:6 (the unit of solid-liquid ratio is g / mL), heat and stir at 85°C for 24 hours, collect the filtrate after filtration, and obtain a crude silicon solution;

[0038] 2) The crude silicon solution obtained in step 1) is mixed evenly with the water glass solution at a volume ratio of 8:1 (the water glass solution is added to supplement the silicon source), and the ion exchange is carried out through the D-62 macroporous strongly acidic styrene-based cation exchange resin , add dropwise 0.5mol / L ammonia solution...

Embodiment 3

[0042] A method for preparing composite silicon-based airgel with iron tailings as raw material, comprising the following steps:

[0043] 1) The iron tailings are crushed, and the iron tailings powder with a mesh number of more than 100 meshes is mixed with sodium hydroxide particles at a mass ratio of 1:1.8, and heated to 450°C in a muffle furnace for 2.5 hours for alkali dissolution reaction , after cooling to room temperature, mix it with water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 (the unit of solid-liquid ratio is g / mL), heat and stir at 80°C for 23h, collect the filtrate after filtration, and obtain a crude silicon solution;

[0044] 2) The crude silicon solution obtained in step 1) is mixed evenly with the water glass solution at a volume ratio of 7:1 (the water glass solution is added to supplement the silicon source), and the ion exchange is carried out through the D-62 macroporous strongly acidic styrene-based cation exchange resin , add dropwise 0.4mol / L ammoni...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a composite silicon-based aerogel by using iron tailings as a raw material. The method comprises the following steps: mixing iron tailing powder with sodium hydroxide particles and performing an alkali dissolution reaction at a high temperature; after cooling, mixing a reaction product with water, and carrying out heating and stirring; then carrying out filtering, and uniformly mixing a filtrate with a water glass solution; performing ion exchange via a strong-acid cation exchange resin; dropwise adding an ammonia-water solution into a mixed liquid obtained after ion exchange so as to adjust a pH value; after a block gel is formed, immersing the block gel in a gel aging solution for standing and aged, and then taking out a formed wet sol; andsuccessively subjecting the obtained wet sol to surface modification by a modification liquid and solvent exchange with n-hexane, and then carrying out normal-pressure drying so as to obtain the composite silicon-based aerogel. According to the invention, solid wastes such as iron tailings are used as raw materials, so the aerogel has low price; preparation conditions are mild; requirements on equipment are low; industrialization can be easily implemented; and the prepared composite silicon-based aerogel has a tap density of 0.175 g / cm<3> or less, an average pore size of no more than 40 nm anda porosity of 93% or more.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of inorganic materials, and in particular relates to a method for preparing composite silicon-based airgel by using iron tailings as raw materials. Background technique [0002] Iron tailings are the waste after mineral processing and are the main component of industrial solid waste. There are more than 8,000 state-owned mines and more than 110,000 township collective mines in China, with a stockpile of nearly 5 billion tons of tailings and an annual discharge of more than 500 million tons of tailings. At present, the comprehensive utilization rate of iron tailings in my country is very low, less than 20%, and most of them are used as building fillers. There are few high-end products, mainly due to factors such as complex preparation process and harsh reaction conditions, which make it impossible to produce in large quantities. Lack of research on high value-added products, iron tailings cannot be effective...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J13/00
CPCB01J13/0091
Inventor 王建国宋鑫包志康杨骏
Owner ZHEJIANG UNIV OF TECH
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