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Method and device for extracting carbon material from plastic

A carbon material and plastic technology, applied in the field of carbon material preparation, can solve problems such as environmental impact of transformation

Active Publication Date: 2018-08-14
NORTHEASTERN UNIV LIAONING
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Not to mention the very positive environmental impact of converting plastic waste into high value-added materials

Method used

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  • Method and device for extracting carbon material from plastic
  • Method and device for extracting carbon material from plastic
  • Method and device for extracting carbon material from plastic

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0050] Description of PET material

[0051] figure 1 XRD patterns on PET water bottle pieces. The pattern has a broad peak centered at 2θ=25.4° as a characteristic peak, indicating that the PET in the short-range (100) crystalline domain has a triclinic crystal structure (C 10 H 8 O 4 , JCPDS Card No.50-2275). In general, figure 1 The XRD pattern of PET indicates that PET is of low crystalline structure.

[0052] This low crystalline structure PET material was heated in a muffle furnace at 260°C (above the melting point of PET) overnight. After cooling to room temperature, the obtained heat-treated material was white, large, irregular-shaped crystal particles, which were subjected to XRD analysis. . The diffraction peaks in the pattern correspond to the triclinic crystal structure of PET. The strongest diffraction peak at 2θ=25.4° corresponds to the (100) crystal plane. figure 2 The inset in is a scanning electron microscope image of crystalline PET, where large-siz...

Embodiment 2

[0063] This example implements the heat treatment of PET in NaCl. Cut a plastic water bottle into small pieces (about 10 x 5mm) with scissors. A 9.83 g plastic sheet was placed in an alumina crucible with an inner diameter and height of 50 mm and 100 mm, respectively. Then, 50.80 g of NaCl (NaCl, Aladdin C111533, 99.5% purity) was added to the crucible. The crucible was placed in a muffle furnace and heated in an air atmosphere at a temperature of 20°C min -1 The rate was ramped up to 1100°C and then immediately cooled down to room temperature at about the same rate as the heating rate. The black solid mixture containing the solidified salt and carbon material was placed in enough distilled water to completely dissolve the salt. Then, vacuum filtration was performed with filter paper, and the carbon material was recovered from the filtrate, followed by drying at a temperature of 80°C.

[0064] Figure 5 XRD and Raman spectra of PET-NaCl mixtures heated to 1100°C and 1300°...

Embodiment 3

[0067] In order to study the effect of temperature, the mixing ratio of PET-NaCl was the same as in Example 2, the mixture was heated to 1300°C, and the same heating rate was 20°C min -1 , and then cooled to room temperature. Figure 7 a shows the mixture of salt and carbon product in the crucible. In order to confirm the distribution of carbon material in the salt, the alumina crucible was broken, and the mixture of salt and carbon material was taken out from the crucible ( Figure 7 b). It can be seen that the carbon material is completely distributed on the solidified NaCl. The high dispersibility of the carbon product in molten NaCl is demonstrated. The solid mixture was added to 500 ml of distilled water. During the dissolution of sodium chloride, the carbonaceous material floats on the water surface, indicating that it has a low density. The obtained suspension was stirred for 20 min, then filtered and the carbon material on the filter paper was dried overnight. XR...

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Abstract

The invention provides a method and device for extracting a carbon material from plastic. The method comprises the steps that at least one plastic material (such as polyterephthalate) in at least onekind of molten salt (such as NaCl) is subjected to thermal treatment to reach above a melting point of the molten salt, and the nanostructured carbon material is formed, wherein the salt is in a molten state, and the carbon material is protected from oxidation; moreover, the molten salt promotes further graphitization of the carbon material, and the product of the molten salt is a nanographite micro-sheet with high conductivity and high surface area; according to the method, a simple, economical and efficient method is provided for producing the conductive carbon material. By means of the method, hardly-degradable plastic waste is also converted into the conductive carbon material with high value, and a significant positive influence is achieved on the environment.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of carbon material preparation, and relates to a method for extracting carbon material from plastics. Specifically, a method for generating nanographitized carbon with high electrical conductivity and high surface area. Background technique [0002] Plastics, with a global production of 335 million tons in 2016, are increasingly used in various structural applications in modern life due to low production costs, durability, low density, strong chemical resistance, and low dimensional stability. [0003] Polyterephthalate ((C 10 H 8 O 4 ) n , PET) is the most commonly used plastic and is often used as a container for bottled liquids and other food products due to its affordable cost, excellent mechanical properties, barrier properties and high transparency. Its radiation-resistant properties are also used in insulation materials and nuclear tracking detectors in nuclear power plants and nuclear equipment. [0004]...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B32/15C01B32/205C01B32/184
CPCC01B32/15C01B32/184C01B32/205C01B2204/04
Inventor 卡马里阿里
Owner NORTHEASTERN UNIV LIAONING
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