Composite material, catalyst using composite material as carrier, and preparation method and applications of catalyst

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite material, a catalyst using the composite material as a carrier, and a preparation method and applications of the catalyst, wherein particularly an electrocatalystN / MO2-C based on metal oxide-electric conduction material composite fiber / MO2-C and using the metal oxide-electric conduction material composite fiber / MO2-C as a carrier is prepared based on an electrospinning technology and a solution method. According to the present invention, the electrocatalyst carrier / MO2-C is metal oxide-electric conduction material composite fiber; the catalyst carrier canbe dispersed in the solution, and then Pt catalyst particles can be introduced through a reducing method, or a Pt salt precursor can be added to a spinning solution, and then the Pt-based electrocatalyst is prepared through a one-step method; through the addition of the electric conduction carbon material and the one-step low temperature treatment of the polymer nanometer fiber at the late stage,the loose porous structure of the prepared carrier is ensured while the electric conductivity of the carbon material to the carrier and the structural stability are ensured; and through the one-step low temperature treatment in the air or oxygen atmosphere, the oxidation of the metal precursor salt is ensured while the decomposition of the polymer precursor and the stable presence of the carbon material are ensured.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a composite material and a catalyst supported by the composite material and its preparation and application. Background technique [0002] Pt is currently the most common electrocatalyst for proton exchange membrane fuel cells, among which carbon-supported Pt (Pt / C) is the most widely used, but the interaction between Pt nano-ions and carbon supports is weak, and carbon supports in It is easy to corrode under high temperature, strong acid and strong electric field, which seriously affects the long-term operation stability of fuel cells. [0003] To alleviate these problems, catalysts are usually prepared using novel supports. Metal oxides, especially low d-electron metal oxides such as TiO 2 and CeO 2 etc., in addition to having excellent electrical / chemical stability and acid and alkali corrosion resistance, it also shows a catalytic increase effect, and there is a strong ...

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Problems solved by technology

Qing Lv et al. TiO 2 Nanoparticles and carbon black are ultrasonically dispersed and mixed, immersed in ethylene glycol solution of chloroplatinic acid, and Pt / TiO is prepared by ultrasonic irradiation. 2 -C electrocatalyst, compared with Pt / C electrocatalyst, has improved activity and stability (J.Power Sources,2012,218:93), but the nanoparticle-shaped support has poor conductivity and small specific surface area

Subsequently, Xu-Lei Sui et al. used TiO 2 The mixed system of nanotubes (TNTs) and carbon powder prepares Pt / C-TNTs electrocatalysts, which further improves the activity and stability (J.Power Sources, 2014, 255:43.), but the preparation method is relatively complicated and requires first The Ti foil is degreased, then anodized by the two-electrode system, and then TNTs are obtained by high-temperature calcination, and then TNTs and carbon black are ultrasonically dispersed, and then Pt is introduced into the Pt salt solution of ethylene glycol by microwave radiation.

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