Preparation method of modified polypropylene nano fiber and oil absorption felt made from modified polypropylene nano fiber

Abstract

At present, a large-scale polypropylene fiber production process mainly comprises melt spinning and melt blowing, and the diameter of melt-spun polypropylene fiber ranges from 10 mu m to 20 mu m or is thicker. The melt blowing technique is the superfine fiber manufacturing method most commonly used at present, a polymer melt is blown by air flow with high temperature approaching a polymer melting point at a high speed, so that the polymer melt is quickly stretched, and superfine fiber is obtained. However, the diameter of most existing melt-blown fiber ranges from 2 mu m to 4 mu m, and preparation of the polypropylene nano fiber is still difficult. The preparation method of the modified polypropylene nano fiber and the oil absorption felt made from the modified polypropylene nano fiber have the characteristics of simplicity in manufacturing, convenience in use, high oil absorption rate, easiness in recycling and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of oil pollution treatment, in particular to a modified polypropylene nanofiber preparation process and an oil-absorbing felt. technical background [0002] Usually, during the processing and transportation of oil, a considerable amount of oil will be leaked and discarded, which not only wastes limited resources, but also poses a great threat to the environment. It is very difficult to remove oil pollution. At present, the control of oil pollution in the world is divided into chemical methods and physical methods. [0003] Chemical method: According to the pollution situation, use emulsification dispersion, oil collection or oil coagulation method to control. For oil films with a thickness of less than 1mm, it is effective to use chemical dispersants to clean up oil stains, but chemical cleaning methods need to consume a lot of chemicals and may cause secondary pollution. [0004] Physical method: It is the most com...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Melt-blown technology is currently the largest ultra-fine fiber manufacturing method, which relies on high-speed, high-temperature airflow (often close to the melting point of the polymer) to blow the polymer melt to make it stretch rapidly to obtain ultra-fine fibers. The diameter of sprayed fibers is mostly between 2 and 4 μm, and there are still some difficulties in the preparation of nanoscale fibers

The researchers tried various methods to further reduce the fiber diameter, but the Rayleigh-Taylor instability caused by surface tension occurred in the nanofibers during the melt-blowing process, which caused the fibers to break into spherical particles, and the pure polypropylene melt-blown method prepared nanofibers. The diameter limit has its own theoretical limit

Using the template method to prepare polypropylene fiber has complicated operation steps, high cost, and short length of the prepared fiber, which is only suitable for theoretical research in the laboratory, not suitable for industrial production

The electrospinning method requires thousands of volts or even tens of thousands of volts of direct current high voltage, which requires high conductivity of the solution. Polypropylene is a non-polar polymer with poor spinnability, and there is no suitable solvent at room temperature. High-temperature melt electrospinning has high requirements for devices, which greatly limits its industrial application prospects

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