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Preparation method for porous silicon nanofiber/carbon composite material

A technology of carbon composite materials and nanofibers, which is applied in the field of lithium-ion batteries, can solve problems such as the practical application of unfavorable dimensional nano-silicon, and achieve the effects of low preparation process cost, high capacity density, and good rate performance

Active Publication Date: 2014-08-27
KUNMING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

All these are not conducive to the practical application of one-dimensional nano-silicon

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0027] The preparation method of the porous silicon nanofiber / carbon composite material, its specific steps are as follows:

[0028] (1) First, 1g of chrysotile asbestos is acid-leached, washed with water, filtered and dried to obtain silica nanofibers free of alkali metal oxide impurities, wherein the chrysotile asbestos includes the following mass percentage components: Si35 %, Mg19%, Fe2.4%, Al0.29%, O42.7%, the solid-liquid ratio of the acid leaching process is 1:30g / ml, the leaching temperature is 96°C, the leaching time is 127min, and the stirring speed is 400r / min, the pickling solution is H +Hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 2mol / L;

[0029] (2) Add reducing metals to the silica nanofibers obtained in step (1) and mix them evenly, then perform a reduction reaction for 7 hours at a temperature of 550°C in the absence of oxygen to obtain a reduced product, which is washed with acid, washed with water, and dried Porous silicon nanofibers are prepared in the end...

Embodiment 2

[0034] The preparation method of the porous silicon nanofiber / carbon composite material, its specific steps are as follows:

[0035] (1) Firstly, 10g of chrysotile asbestos is acid-leached, washed with water, filtered and dried to obtain silica nanofibers from which alkali metal oxide impurities are removed, wherein the chrysotile asbestos includes the following mass percentage components: Si19 %, Mg25%, Fe1.6%, Al0.32%, O53%; the solid-liquid ratio of the acid leaching process is 1:60g / ml, the leaching temperature is 80°C, the leaching time is 3h, and the stirring speed is 700r / min. The pickling solution is H + Hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 2mol / L;

[0036] (2) Add a reducing metal to the silica nanofibers obtained in step (1) and mix them evenly, then perform a reduction reaction for 5 hours at a temperature of 600°C in the absence of oxygen to obtain a reduced product, which is washed with acid, washed with water, and dried Afterwards, the porous silicon nanof...

Embodiment 3

[0040] The preparation method of the porous silicon nanofiber / carbon composite material, its specific steps are as follows:

[0041] (1) First, 10g of chrysotile asbestos is acid-leached, washed with water, filtered and dried to obtain silica nanofibers free of alkali metal oxide impurities, wherein chophilolite asbestos includes the following mass percentage components: Si27 %, Mg22%, Fe1.3%, Al0.18%, O48%; the solid-liquid ratio of the acid leaching process is 1:60g / ml, the leaching temperature is 90°C, the leaching time is 4h, and the stirring speed is 600r / min. The pickling solution is H + Sulfuric acid with a concentration of 0.5mol / L;

[0042] (2) Add reducing metals to the silica nanofibers obtained in step (1) and mix them evenly, then perform a reduction reaction for 3 hours at a temperature of 700°C in the absence of oxygen to obtain a reduced product, which is washed with acid, washed with water, and dried Porous silicon nanofibers are prepared in the end, wherein...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method for a porous silicon nanofiber / carbon composite material, and belongs to the technical field of lithium ion battery. The preparation method comprises the steps: firstly, carrying out acid dipping, water washing, filtration and drying on chrysotile asbestos to obtain a silica nanofiber having alkali metal oxide impurities removed; adding a reductive metal into the silica nanofiber, mixing evenly, then carrying out a reduction reaction to obtain a reduzate, carrying out pickling, water washing and drying on the reduzate to obtain a porous silicon nanofiber; and evenly mixing the obtained porous silicon nanofiber with a carbon precursor to obtain a mixed material, then dissolving the mixed material in a solvent, dispersing to obtain a mixed solution under an ultrasonic condition, and carrying out pyrolysis carbonization or hydrothermal carbonization of the dispersed mixed solution under the inert gas protection to obtain the porous silicon nanofiber / carbon composite material. The method takes natural minerals as raw materials, is low in cost and simple; and the porous silicon nanofiber / carbon composite material has the characteristics of large capacity density, high first-time Kulun efficiency, stable cyclic performance and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing a porous silicon nanofiber / carbon composite material, belonging to the technical field of lithium ion batteries. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of the electronics and information industries, mobile communications, digital cameras and portable computers are widely used, and the research and development of electric vehicles is also being carried out extensively and deeply, thus driving the rapid development of lithium-ion batteries, which provide energy for the above-mentioned equipment. develop. Compared with traditional nickel-metal hydride batteries and nickel-cadmium batteries, lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of high energy density, high working voltage, small self-discharge, fast charging and discharging, and good safety performance. They are the fastest growing and brightest market prospects. A secondary battery. [0003] At present, the focus of lithium-ion batte...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/38H01M4/583
CPCH01M4/362H01M4/386H01M4/583H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 刘树和赵淑春
Owner KUNMING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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