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Electrolyte

An electrolyte and polyphosphazene technology, applied in the electrolyte field, can solve the problems of high synthesis cost of fluorinated additives, decreased electrolyte conductivity, complex electrolyte system, etc., and achieves good flame retardancy, improved battery safety, good wettability

Active Publication Date: 2014-04-30
NINGBO INST OF MATERIALS TECH & ENG CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, due to the small dielectric constant of cyclic phosphazene compounds, the commonly used lithium salt LiPF 6 Solubility in it is very low, causes the decline of the electrical conductivity of the electrolytic solution that these additives are formed; Publication No. is proposed in the Chinese patent of CN103456993A the mixture of fluorophosphazene, fluoroether and unsaturated olefin sultone as High-voltage electrolyte, because fluorophosphazene has a high oxidation decomposition potential and is flame-retardant, so the lithium-ion battery of the above mixture has stable cycle performance under high voltage and small change in internal resistance
However, the synthesis cost of fluorinated additives is high and the toxicity is high, and the combined use of additives makes the electrolyte system more complicated, which is not easy for practical application

Method used

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Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0043] Put 25g of hexachlorotrimeric phosphazene, 0.2g of sulfamic acid, 0.15g of calcium sulfate dihydrate, and 50mL of 1-chloronaphthalene into a 500mL four-necked flask equipped with a condenser tube, a drying tube, a thermometer, and mechanical stirring. Under the protection of the temperature rise to 230 ℃, constant temperature reaction for several hours, when the viscosity changes significantly, stop the reaction;

[0044] Pour the above reaction solution into a 3000mL beaker containing 1000mL n-heptane, stir until a white polymer precipitates at the bottom of the cup, and separate the upper solution; the polymer at the bottom is polydichlorophosphazene;

[0045] Under the protection of nitrogen, add 200mL of dried tetrahydrofuran and 34g of sodium hydride to a 1000mL dry three-necked round-bottomed flask, then slowly drop triethylene glycol monoethyl ether (189g) in tetrahydrofuran (200mL) solution, and stir at room temperature React for 2 hours. Then take 16g of polyd...

Embodiment 2

[0048] In a glove box filled with argon (moisture <<1ppm, oxygen <1ppm), take 10mL of organic mixed solution of ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate, the volume ratio of ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate is 3:7, Add lithium hexafluorophosphate to the organic mixed solution so that the molar concentration is 1mol / L, and finally slowly add 0.01% of the total mass of the electrolyte to the mixed solution The polybis(diethylene glycol monomethyl ether) phosphazene prepared in Example 1 (EEEP), and the lithium-ion battery electrolyte was obtained after stirring evenly.

Embodiment 3

[0050] In a glove box filled with argon (moisture <<1ppm, oxygen <1ppm), take 10mL of organic mixed solution of ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate, the volume ratio of ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate is 3:7, Add lithium hexafluorophosphate to the organic mixed solution to make the molar concentration 1mol / L, and finally slowly add the polybis(diethylene glycol monomethyl ether) phosphazene prepared in Example 1 of 5% of the total mass of the electrolyte to the mixed solution (EEEP), and the lithium-ion battery electrolyte was obtained after stirring evenly.

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Abstract

The invention provides an electrolyte which comprises a non-aqueous organic solvent, lithium salt and a polyphosphazene compound. According to the application, the side chain of the polyphosphazene compound added into the electrolyte is a long-chain group containing O, N or S and other heteroatom, so a compact high lithium ion conductive coating layer is formed on the surface of a cathode material of a lithium ion battery, therefore, the direct contact of the electrolyte and the cathode material is effectively inhibited; the oxygenolysis of the electrolyte is reduced; the circularity of the high voltage lithium ion battery is improved; meanwhile, the additive polyphosphazene compound has a flame-retardant property, so that the flammability of the electrolyte is lowered; the safety performance of the battery is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to an electrolyte. Background technique [0002] In recent years, the development of high specific energy lithium-ion batteries is not only an urgent need for new portable electronic products that are increasingly miniaturized, but also an urgent need for the development of new energy industries such as electric vehicles and energy storage batteries. There are two main ways to increase the specific energy of the battery: to increase the specific capacity of the battery; to increase the working voltage of the lithium-ion battery and to develop high-voltage cathode materials. At present, high-voltage positive electrode materials include high-voltage lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium manganese phosphate, and lithium-rich manganese-based layered solid solution. The charging cut-off voltage of the above-mentioned positive electrode materials is a...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0567
CPCH01M10/0525H01M10/0567H01M10/4235Y02E60/10
Inventor 夏兰夏永高刘兆平胡华胜
Owner NINGBO INST OF MATERIALS TECH & ENG CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCI
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