Method for preparing solar cell silver wire grid electrode based on photolithographic mask method and liquid phase method

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a solar cell silver wire grid electrode based on a photolithographic mask method and a liquid phase method. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: (1) a photoresist template is manufactured: photoresist is uniformly coated on the surface of a silicon substrate by using a spin-coating method, and designed specific graphics on a mask are copied on the silicon substrate through the steps of exposure, development, hardening and the like; (2) Ag particles are deposited by using a chemical method: an electrochemical reaction method is used for depositing the Ag particles on the photoresist template; (3) the photoresist template is removed: the photoresist is removed by using a photoresist remover; and (4) the annealing and sintering are carried out, and after the closely arrayed Ag particles are heated at high temperature, the Ag electrode is formed by mutual communication. The micron-level Ag electrode prepared according to the method has excellent electroconductive performance and a lower reflecting rate, moreover, the preparation process is simple, resource consumption is less, the Ag electrode can well replace a silk screen printed electrode, the efficiency of a solar cell can be improved, and the cost can be lowered.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical fields of photovoltaic application and touch display, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a silver wire grid electrode of a solar cell based on a photolithography mask method and a liquid phase method. Background technique [0002] Solar energy is an inexhaustible clean energy. With the depletion of non-renewable energy sources such as coal and oil, the research, development and utilization of solar cells are undoubtedly the current hot spots. Improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells and reducing the preparation cost are the directions of research and development of solar cells. The transparent conductive front electrode is one of the important components in solar cells, which directly affects the fill factor and short-circuit current of the cell device, and then affects the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell. Generally speaking, a transparent conductive elect...

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Problems solved by technology

However, this large-scale grid line electrode has a significant shadow effect on the front surface of the battery, increasing the reflectance of the front surface to incident light (~15% of the total surface reflectance); and these grid lines are very large. To obtain better conductivity, the emitter on the surface of the battery is heavily doped with n++, resulting in a significant increase in the recombination probability of the surface emitter carrier, reducing the short-wave absorption rate of the battery, thereby reducing the performance of the entire emitter and the efficiency of the battery

The upper limit of the theoretical efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cells reaches ~33%, while the average efficiency of existing industrialized cells is about 16-20%. Traditional grid electrodes and their existing processes are one of the sources of efficiency differences.

In addition, its expensive preparation methods (screen printing, ion beam and electron beam etching, etc.) also greatly increase the cost of the battery

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