A1ZrCrN composite dual-gradient coating cutting tool and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an A1ZrCrN composite dual-gradient coating cutting tool and a preparation method thereof. The composite dual-gradient coating cutting tool is prepared by a nonequilibrium closed field magnetron sputtering ion plating manner; and a Cr transition layer, a gradient CrN transition layer, a gradient A1ZrCrN transition layer and an A1ZrCrN layer are sequentially arranged on the coating cutting tool from inside to outside along the a vertical matrix surface direction, so that transition between coatings is smoother, residual thermal stress among all coatings can be obviously lowered in use of the coating cutting tool, and the coating quality of the cutting tool is greatly improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a gradient coating mechanical cutting tool and its manufacturing technology, in particular to an AlZrCrN compound double gradient coating tool and its preparation method. Background technique [0002] In the machining process, the cutting tool is the main direct performer of the cutting process, and there are inevitably wear, damage or even fracture phenomena during the cutting process of the workpiece, especially in high-speed cutting, the wear of the tool is particularly serious; After the phenomenon, the life of the tool will drop sharply, and the surface roughness of the processed workpiece will increase, which will easily cause the size of the workpiece to exceed the design tolerance. Molds and other equipment with relatively high processing difficulty, especially large-scale or precision parts with national defense requirements, excessive tool changes will increase the repeated positioning error of the parts, which cannot...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] In the machining process, the cutting tool is the main direct performer of the cutting process, and there are inevitably wear, damage or even fracture phenomena during the cutting process of the workpiece, especially in high-speed cutting, the wear of the tool is particularly serious; After the phenomenon, the life of the tool will drop sharply, and the surface roughness of the processed workpiece will increase, which will easily cause the size of the workpiece to exceed the design tolerance. Molds and other equipment with relatively high processing difficulty, especially large-scale parts or precision parts with national defense requirements, excessive tool changes will increase the repeated positioning error of the parts, which cannot meet the design requirements

[0003] Cutting tool surface coating technology is a material surface modification technology developed to meet the market demand in recent decades. The use of coating technology can effectively improve the service life of cutting tools, so that the tool can obtain excellent comprehensive performance, thereby greatly improving the machining quality. Therefore, insiders refer to coating technology, tool material, and cutting process as the three key technologies in the field of cutting tool manufacturing; current tool coatings mainly include chemical vapor deposition method CVD and physical vapor deposition method PVD; and CVD Compared with the PVD process, the processing temperature of the PVD process is low (mostly below 600°C), and has no effect on the bending strength of the tool material. The internal stress state of the film deposited on the substrate using PVD technology is compressive stress, which is more suitable for processing hard The coating of alloy precision and complex tools, and PVD technology is clean and pollution-free, which is more in line with the development direction of green manufacturing; PVD technology itself has certain defects, because the process requires low processing temperature, so that the coating and the tool substrate, coating The interface bonding strength between the coating and the coating is low, so at the same time, the performance difference between the coating and the tool substrate is large, so that on the one hand, the thickness of the coating is limited, and on the other hand, it is easy to make the coating inside the coating under the cutting load. Under the action of the residual stress, it will soon fail due to cracking and spalling. The emergence of multi-component, multi-gradient composite coatings and related technologies enables the tool coating to not only improve the bonding strength with the substrate, but also have a variety of coating materials. Comprehensive physical and mechanical properties, so as to meet the requirements of different materials and different processing conditions, but the existing gradient coating tools have some defects, such as poor adhesion between coatings, which can easily lead to residual thermal stress at the edge of the coating during high-speed cutting If it is too large, it will lead to cracks and peeling of the coating; and the transition of material properties between different coatings is large, which will easily lead to stress concentration and reduce the bonding strength of the interface

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