Micro-beam plasma arc/laser hybrid welding method

Abstract

The invention relates to a micro-beam plasma arc / laser hybrid welding method, which comprises the following steps: fixing a micro-beam plasma arc transmitter and a laser beam transmitter, providing a workpiece which moves at a constant speed, and forming a mode of micro-beam plasma arc preposition; carrying out initial fusion on the surface of a welded part of the workpiece by micro-beam plasma arcs, then irradiating laser beams to the welded part, thereby deepening the depth of fusion of micro-beam plasma arc welding, and then completing the welding. The welding method of the invention can reduce the reflectance of aluminium alloys to lasers, and improve the absorption rate of aluminium alloys to laser energies, thereby improving the effective heating depth of laser, increasing the depths of fusion of weld joints and effectively reducing the widths of weld joints and heat affected zones; and finally, obtaining weldments which have the advantages of large depth of fusion, extremely small heat affected zone and beautiful appearance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for butt welding aluminum alloy plates or profiles, specifically a method for butt welding aluminum alloy plates or profiles by simultaneously using two heat sources, micro-beam plasma arc and laser, and belongs to the technical field of metal welding . Background technique [0002] Aluminum alloy has many advantages such as low density, good plasticity, easy processing and forming, no low-temperature brittle transition and atmospheric corrosion resistance. It is widely used in aviation, aerospace, high-speed rail trains or other vehicles. Its physical and chemical properties determine its unique weldability. [0003] At present, for the welding of aluminum alloy materials, especially thick plate aluminum alloys, the fusion and inert gas shielded welding (MIG welding) process is generally used in China. However, the heat input of ordinary fusion welding is relatively large, and the joints are softened, cracked, and po...

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Problems solved by technology

[0013] In the prior art, the welding method described in the Chinese patent "Method for Continuous Butt Welding Using Plasma and Laser and Method for Manufacturing Metal Pipe Using the Method" with the patent No. 200480043356.8 exists, but the plasma of this method In fact, it includes various flame and arc heating methods. When flame plasma is heated, the heat is not concentrated and the heat-affected zone is very wide. It cannot be well used for materials with good thermal conductivity such as aluminum and copper, let alone heat-treated aluminum alloys. and heat-treated steel and other materials

Arc plasma heating is slightly better than flame plasma heating, but the heat-affected zone is still wider

In addition, the welding method and process described in the 200480043356.8 Chinese patent "Method for Continuous Butt Welding Using Plasma and Laser and Method for Manufacturing Metal Pipe Using This Method" are mainly used for welding metal pipes and some sheet metals, and There is no welding method and process designed specifically for the characteristics of aluminum alloys, especially for the welding of aluminum alloy plates and profiles, a special welding process is required, and this method cannot achieve effective welding of heat-treated aluminum alloys

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