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Active carbon-based material and preparation method thereof

A base material, activated carbon technology, used in electrical components, electrolytic capacitors, battery electrodes, etc., can solve the problems of low energy density and power density of supercapacitors, limited space for increased specific surface area, and decreased volume specific capacity, etc. Thermal and electrical conductivity, high energy density and power density, effect of low density

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-09-05
XIANGTAN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the existing supercapacitor carbon materials mainly rely on increasing the specific surface area of ​​the carbon material itself and controlling the pore structure to increase the capacitance of its electric double layer, so carbon aerogels and high specific surface areas with various pore structures have been developed. Porous carbon and various forms of carbon nanomaterials; however, greatly increasing the specific surface area and porosity of carbon materials will lead to a decrease in the contact performance between particles, poor electrical conductivity, and a decrease in volume specific capacity. appear; and the specific surface area formed by it is large but the effective specific surface area is small, resulting in a very low level of energy density and power density of supercapacitors, which limits its application
Moreover, the space for improving its specific surface area is very limited.

Method used

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  • Active carbon-based material and preparation method thereof
  • Active carbon-based material and preparation method thereof
  • Active carbon-based material and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0021] (1) Dissolve 1.86mL aniline (AN) in 25mLH 2 SO 4 1.14g ammonium persulfate (APS) was dissolved in 50mL distilled water or deionized water to form solution B ([APS] / [AN]=1:4); (2) transfer solution A into the reaction flask Inside, add B dropwise to the reaction bottle under stirring, after the drop is completed, react at room temperature for 4 hours; (3) collect the product in the reaction bottle, wash the product with water, ethanol or acetone for several times, until the washing liquid is neutral; (4) The washed product was vacuum-dried at 60°C for 48h to obtain polyaniline doped with sulfuric acid; (5) in an inert gas N 2 Carbonize polyaniline at 800°C for 2h under protection; (6) Activate the above-prepared carbonized material in water vapor at 200°C for 2h at a constant temperature, and cool to room temperature to obtain N, O, S atom-doped activated carbon-based Material. Through elemental analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) testing, the componen...

Embodiment 2

[0024] (1) Dissolve 1.86mL aniline in 25mLH 2 SO 4 2.28g ammonium persulfate was dissolved in 50mL distilled water or deionized water to form solution B ([APS] / [AN]=1:2); (2) put solution A and solution B in the reaction flask After rapid mixing and stirring for 1 min, it was allowed to stand at room temperature for 10 h; (3) collect the product in the reaction bottle, and wash the product repeatedly with water, ethanol or acetone until the washing liquid is neutral; (4) wash the product Dry in vacuum at 60°C for 48h to obtain doped polyaniline; (5) in an inert gas N 2 Carbonize polyaniline at 800°C for 2h under protection; -1 Soak in nitric acid solution for 24 hours for activation treatment, then wash with water, dry, and ball mill to obtain activated carbon material. The code of the unactivated sample prepared in this embodiment is C800, and the code of the activated sample is CA800.

[0025] The electrode fabrication, supercapacitor assembly, and testing equipment in t...

Embodiment 3

[0027] (1) 20mmol of aniline and 20mmol of HAc were ultrasonically mixed for about 2 minutes to obtain A; (2) 25mmol of APS was dissolved in 20mmol of HAc, ultrasonically dissolved and mixed for about 2min to obtain B. (3) A and B were ultrasonically mixed for about 2 minutes at room temperature, and then left to react at room temperature for 8 hours. (3) collect the reaction product, wash the product with water until the washing solution is neutral; (4) dry the washed product in vacuum at 60°C for 24h to obtain doped polyaniline; (5) in an inert gas N 2 Carbonize polyaniline at 800°C for 4h under protection; (6) After mixing the carbonized material prepared above and sodium hydroxide evenly, activate it at 700°C for 2h under nitrogen protection (the mass ratio of carbon to NaOH is 2:1), After washing with water, drying and ball milling, the activated carbon-based material can be obtained.

[0028] The electrode fabrication, supercapacitor assembly, and testing equipment in t...

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Abstract

The invention provides an active carbon-based material and a preparation method thereof. The carbon-based material comprises the following components based on parts by weight percent: 50-90% of carbon, 0.1-35% of oxygen, 0.1-35% of nitrogen, 0.0%-10% of sulphur, 0.0%-15% of phosphorus and 0.0-15% of boron. The preparation method comprises the following step of carbonizing doped or undoped polyaniline polymer at 500-1200 DEG C for 1-24h under the protection of inert gas. Heteroatom N, O, S, P, B, H and group thereof are induced to the carbon atom to change the chemical environment of the carbon atom and increase the space charge density of the carbon atom and the polarity of the material, so that the material has surface standard faraday capacitance and double electric layer capacitance, and has higher specific capacity, good electrical conductivity, and higher energy density and power density under the condition that the specific surface area is not increased. The preparation method of the active carbon-based material has the advantages of simple technology, easily-obtained raw materials, low cost, small pollution and being capable of being produced on a large scale.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an activated carbon-based material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to an activated carbon-based material used for supercapacitors and negative electrodes of lithium-ion batteries and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Supercapacitor (Supercapacitor), also known as Electrochemical Supercapacitor (Electrochemical Supercapacitor), is a new energy storage device between batteries and traditional electrostatic capacitors. The electrode material is the core component of a supercapacitor, and its structure and performance directly determine the performance of a supercapacitor. There are three main types of electrode materials: carbon-based materials, conductive polymer materials, and metal oxide materials. Due to the advantages of porous, large specific area, good chemical stability, low cost, and long service life, carbon materials can obtain good electrochemical performance as electrode mate...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01G9/058H01M4/38H01G11/34
CPCY02E60/10
Inventor 刘恩辉李利民李剑向晓霞黄铮铮杨艳静沈海杰
Owner XIANGTAN UNIV
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