45 results about "Betatron" patented technology

A charged-particle beam accelerator includes an RF-KO unit for increasing the amplitude of betatron oscillation of a charged-particle beam within a stable region of resonance and an extraction quadrupole electromagnet unit for varying the stable region of resonance. The RF-KO unit is operated within a frequency range in which the circulating beam does not go beyond a boundary of the stable region of resonance, and the extraction quadrupole electromagnet unit is operated with appropriate timing as required for beam extraction so that the charged-particle beam is extracted with desired timing.

Described herein is a modulator circuit for generating discrete energy pulses in a device. The circuit includes a high voltage power source intermittently coupled to a saturable first inductor, a second inductor and a capacitor coupled in parallel between the high voltage power source and the saturable first inductor and second inductor. When the first inductor is unsaturated, its inductance is high and it isolates the capacitor from the second inductor. When the first inductor saturates, the inductance collapses and the capacitor discharges a high energy pulse into the second coil. By controlling the time to saturation, the timing of the pulses is controlled. The modulator circuit is effective to control pulses applied to a circular induction accelerator, such as a Betatron.

A betatron structure having a donut-shaped vacuum chamber, wherein the vacuum chamber is made up of two or more pieces bonded together; an injector positioned within the vacuum chamber; and two or more magnets positioned to the outside of the vacuum chamber. A method of manufacturing a betatron structure, including: (a) fabricating two or more pieces; (b) positioning an injector on one of the two or more pieces; and (c) bonding the two or more pieces such that when bonded, the substrates form a hollow donut-shaped chamber.

Disclosed are an apparatus and method for inspecting a mobile target by using fast imaging. A control unit powers on a betatron in order to enable the betatron to be in a standby state when receiving a detection signal, from a first position sensor, indicating that a mobile target enters a channel. When a second position sensor detects different sections pass by a radiation scanning region, the control unit controls the beam-emitting time point and beam-emitting mode of the betatron in order to correspondingly inspect each section of the mobile target travelling at non-uniform speed and controls the reconstruction of a scanning image according to the moving speed, received from a speed sensor, relative to the mobile target, and corrects scanning image data according to the moving speed. Accordingly, inspection is performed when a vehicle moves and a driver and passengers are not required to get off. The apparatus controls the betatron to emit a ray beam with corresponding energy at an extremely fast speed in order to scan the mobile target when the mobile target passes by the scanning region, and achieves a flexibly scanning mode so as to greatly shorten inspection time.

The invention comprises a charged particle beam extraction method and apparatus used in conjunction with charged particle beam radiation therapy of cancerous tumors. The system uses a radio-frequency (RF) cavity system to induce betatron oscillation of a charged particle stream. Sufficient amplitude modulation of the charged particle stream causes the charged particle stream to hit a material, such as a foil. The foil decreases the energy of the charged particle stream, which decreases a radius of curvature of the charged particle stream in the synchrotron sufficiently to allow a physical separation of the reduced energy charged particle stream from the original charged particle stream. The physically separated charged particle stream is then removed from the system by use of an applied field and deflector.

The method for speeding up electronic includes following steps. In the betatron, the guiding of the electron orbit is setup by the four blocks of the separated magnets. The snakelike sizing block for correcting the field is added to each side of the magnet. The four blocks of the separated magnets meet the following condition; the sum of the deflection angles of the magnet beam flow is 360 degree; the perimeter of the center orbit is the integral multiple of the radio frequency wavelength of the speeding voltage. The accelerating chains of the radio frequency single cavity speed up electrons longitudinally and respeatedly, making electrons do circumnutation about 5-10 cycles. In the acceleration process, the accelerating phases are slid within plus or minus 60 degrees.

Disclosed are an apparatus and method for inspecting a mobile target by using fast imaging. The apparatus comprises a channel, a scanning imaging device, a first position sensor, a second position sensor, and a control unit. The control unit powers on a betatron in order to enable the betatron to be in a standby state when receiving a detection signal, from the first position sensor, indicating that the mobile target enters the channel. When the second position sensor detects different sections pass by a radiation scanning region, the control unit controls the beam-emitting time point and beam-emitting mode of the betatron in order to correspondingly inspect two parts of the mobile target. Accordingly, inspection is performed when a vehicle moves and a driver and passengers are not required to get off. The apparatus controls the betatron to emit a ray beam with corresponding energy at an extremely fast speed in order to scan the mobile target when the mobile target passes by the scanning region, and achieves a flexibly scanning mode so as to greatly shorten inspection time.

A betatron magnet having at least one electron injector positioned approximate an inside of a radius of a betatron orbit, the betatron magnet further includes a first guide magnet having a first pole face and a second guide magnet having a second pole face. Both the first and the second guide magnet have a centrally disposed aperture and the first pole face is separated from the second pole face by a guide magnet gap. A core is disposed within the centrally disposed apertures in an abutting relationship with both guide magnets. The core has at least one core gap. A drive coil is wound around both guide magnet pole faces. An orbit control coil has a core portion wound around the core gap and a field portion wound around the guide magnet pole faces. The core portion and the field portion are connected but in opposite polarity.

A skewed chicane eigenmode exchange module (SCEEM) that combines in a single beamline segment the separate functionalities of a skew quad eigenmode exchange module and a magnetic chicane. This module allows the exchange of independent betatron eigenmodes, alters electron beam orbit geometry, and provides longitudinal parameter control with dispersion management in a single beamline segment with stable betatron behavior. It thus reduces the spatial requirements for multiple beam dynamic functions, reduces required component counts and thus reduces costs, and allows the use of more compact accelerator configurations than prior art design methods.

The invention comprises a charged particle beam extraction method and apparatus used in conjunction with charged particle beam radiation therapy of cancerous tumors. The system uses a radio-frequency cavity system to induce betatron oscillation of a charged particle stream. Sufficient amplitude modulation of the charged particle stream causes the charged particle stream to hit a material, such as a foil. The foil decreases the energy of the charged particle stream, which decreases a radius of curvature of the charged particle stream in the synchrotron sufficiently to allow a physical separation of the reduced energy charged particle stream from the original charged particle stream. The physically separated charged particle stream is then removed from the system by use of an applied field and deflector.

Described herein is a modulator circuit for generating discrete energy pulses in a device. The circuit includes a high voltage power source intermittently coupled to a saturable first inductor, a second inductor and a capacitor coupled in parallel between the high voltage power source and the saturable first inductor and second inductor. When the first inductor is unsaturated, its inductance is high and it isolates the capacitor from the second inductor. When the first inductor saturates, the inductance collapses and the capacitor discharges a high energy pulse into the second coil. By controlling the time to saturation, the timing of the pulses is controlled. The modulator circuit is effective to control pulses applied to a circular induction accelerator, such as a Betatron.

A tunable LC circuit is used to trigger an electron discharge from an accelerator device, such as a Betatron. The circuit includes a coil as a first inductor having a first inductance electrically coupled in series with a capacitor. A second inductor having a variable inductance is electrically coupled, either in series or parallel, to the first inductor. The time to capacitor discharge is governed by:τLC=√{square root over ((L+LTUNE)C)}.Adjusting the inductance of the variable inductor (LTUNE) facilitates continuous adjustment of the discharge time. This is particularly useful when the LC values change in response to external stimuli, such as borehole temperature when a Betatron is used to log borehole features.

Variable pulse frequency during an output session of a betatron device and adjustable energy from pulse to pulse are provided. A different bias magnetic field may be used for different cycles of an output session, thereby providing different pulse energies. In one example, the bias field can be switched from a positive value to zero, with energy stored in a storage device when the bias field is zero. The bias field can also be used to expand electrons from a stable orbit when the bias field is decreased. For variable pulse frequency, when a current in the swing coils decreases to zero, the swing coils can be disengaged from a storage device for an adjustable time before re-engaging for a next cycle, thereby adjusting the frequency. In addition, radiation dose output can be adjusted by varying a length of time for the injection of electrons into a betatron.

A betatron, especially in X-ray testing apparatus is provided, that includes a rotationally symmetrical inner yoke having two interspaced parts, an outer yoke connecting the two inner yoke parts, at least one main field coil, a toroidal betatron tube arranged between the opposing front sides of the inner yoke parts, and at least one contraction and expansion coil. An individual CE coil is respectively arranged between the front side of the inner yoke part and the betatron tube, and the radius of the CE coil is essentially the same as the nominal orbital radius of the electrons in the betatron tube.

The invention provides a shielding container for accommodating a betatron and self-walking type container / vehicle inspection equipment. The shielding container comprises the components of a housing which is provided with an accommodating chamber and is provided with a first ray outlet; and a shielding member which is arranged in the accommodating chamber and is provided with a mounting chamber for mounting the betatron, and the sidewall of the shielding member is provided with a second ray outlet, wherein the thickness of the sidewall of the shielding member gradually reduces from a first end where the second ray outlet is arranged to a second end that is far from the second ray outlet. According to the shielding container and the container / vehicle inspection equipment, radiation strength of a useless ray which is bear by the shielding member gradually reduces from the first end where the second ray outlet is arranged to the second end that is far from the second ray outlet, and therefore the thickness of the sidewall of the shielding member gradually reduces from the first end to the second end. A fact that the protection effect of the shielding member satisfies a use requirement can be ensured, and furthermore thicknesses of the back part and the side part of the sidewall of the shielding member can be reduced, thereby reducing production cost of the shielding container.

The invention provides a ventilating structure for an air cooling accelerator shielding container and self-walking container / vehicle check equipment. The ventilating structure comprises a shell with a containing cavity, a first air hole and a second air hole, a shielding body with a mounting cavity, a third air hole and a fourth air hole and an airflow device. The shielding body is arranged in the containing cavity, and a betatron is mounted in the mounting cavity. The ventilating structure is designed for the shielding container, the first air hole, the third air hole, the mounting cavity, the fourth air hole and the second air hole are sequentially communicated to form a ventilating channel, the airflow device is mounted at the position of the first air hole and / or the second air hole, the airflow device is started to enable air in the ventilating channel to flow, and air exchange is carried out for the mounting cavity to reduce the temperature in the mounting cavity and cool the betatron. Therefore, the temperature rising speed of the betatron is reduced, and the continuous work time of the equipment is prolonged.

The present disclosure relates generally to methods and apparatus for cargo inspection and, more particularly, to X-ray based inspection systems providing radiographic imaging and material discrimination with adaptive control of X-ray source dependent upon characteristics of the cargo under inspection. X-rays are generated utilizing a dual energy interlaced betatron by generation of X-ray pulses with lower- and higher-energies during the same betatron acceleration cycle.

A betatron is provided, particularly in an x-ray inspection station, comprising an accelerator block that is provided with a rotationally symmetrical inner yoke composed of two spaced-apart pieces, at least one main field coil, and a toroidal betatron tube which is disposed between the pieces of the inner yoke. The betatron further comprises an outer yoke which embraces the accelerator block, connects the two pieces of the inner yoke, and has at least one lateral opening, as well as a lead shield that accommodates the accelerator block and the outer yoke. The outer yoke is composed of at least two parts which are movable relative to one another between an open and a closed position. The accelerator block can be laterally removed from the opening of the outer yoke that is in the open position.

In a circular accelerator, a magnetic pole edge portion of a bending electromagnet into and from which a charged particle beam enters and exits is provided with endpacks. A first protrusion is provided at that part of each end pack which is radially outside the equilibrium orbit of a center energy beam, while a second protrusion is provided at that part of each end pack which is radially inside the equilibrium orbit of the center energy beam. The shapes of the first and second protrusions are set so that the betatron oscillation numbers of beams of different acceleration energies may be held constant or become linear to the energies. In case of emitting the charged particle beam out of the circular accelerator, the change of a tune attributed to the change of the beam orbit can be statically corrected, the tune is linearly changed, and an adjustment of the emission of the beam becomes easy.