Polyester/fibrous clay nano composite material, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses one kind of nanometer polyester / fibrous clay composite material and its preparation process and application. The nanometer polyester / fibrous clay composite material consists of polyester base and fibrous clay, which accounts for 0.1-10 wt% of the composite material and is rod crystals of 10-500 nm size dispersed in the polyester base. The nanometer polyester / fibrous clay composite material has relatively great molecular weight and less degradation after melt spinning. After the fiber of the composite material is drafted and oriented, the clay rod crystals with high length / diameter ratio are arranged in the drafting direction to strength the polyester fiber and raise the mechanical performance greatly. In addition, the clay rod crystals serve as the physical cross-linking points to limit the motion of great molecular chain, raise the heat resistance of the fiber and lower the dry heat shrinkage of the fiber.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a composite material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a polyester / fibrous clay nanocomposite material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Saturated polyester PET is low in price and excellent in comprehensive performance, and is mainly used in the fields of fibers, beverage bottles and engineering plastics. As an engineering plastic, pure PET has the disadvantages of low heat distortion temperature, slow crystallization speed, and poor dimensional stability. In order to expand its application range, it needs to be modified. The early modification methods mainly used glass fibers, inorganic fillers, etc. to fill polyester. For example, patent JP06049344 reports that filling PET with glass fiber and talcum powder can improve its strength, rigidity and dimensional stability, etc., but at the same time the density of the material increases, and the surface gloss and tra...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

For example, patent JP06049344 reports that filling PET with glass fiber and talcum powder can improve its strength, rigidity and dimensional stability, etc., but at the same time the density of the material increases, and the surface gloss and transparency are greatly reduced; patent RU2052473 reports the use of kaolin, Filling PET with silica lime can improve the dimensional stability and rigidity of PET. However, due to the high energy consumption of PET melt blending and compounding, the equipment wears a lot and is easy to degrade.

The composite materials prepared by the above modification methods also have a common disadvantage: although the added glass fibers or inorganic fillers have been processed by means of crushing and grinding, most of the sizes are still at the micron level, compared to the spinneret holes of melt spinning. Compared with the pore size of the filter, the size is too large, it is easy to cause clogging, and the spinning cannot be carried out smoothly

However, layered silicate such as montmorillonite has a strong ionic bond between the sheets. Due to the relatively weak polarity of the polyester, the compatibility with the clay is poor, and the clay is in the polyester. It is difficult to achieve complete peeling between the sheets, and it is easy to form large-scale agglomerations, resulting in limited improvement in the performance of polyester / clay nanocomposites

Images