Multi-phase, silicon-containing electrode for a lithium-ion battery

A lithium-ion battery and battery technology, applied in battery electrodes, lithium batteries, secondary batteries, etc., can solve problems such as difficult large-scale manufacturing, large volume expansion, material damage, etc., and achieve high capacity, good cycle life, easy-to-manufacture effects

Inactive Publication Date: 2006-10-04
JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, one problem with utilizing these materials is that they undergo large volume expansion during battery operation due to lithiation and delithiation
This volume expansion in turn causes the material to be damaged, thus limiting cycle life
Furthermore, the methods used to prepare these materials have not been easy to manufacture on a large scale

Method used

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  • Multi-phase, silicon-containing electrode for a lithium-ion battery
  • Multi-phase, silicon-containing electrode for a lithium-ion battery
  • Multi-phase, silicon-containing electrode for a lithium-ion battery

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0021] 6.34g of aluminum pellets, 12.10g of silicon flakes and 6.56g of iron flakes (all 99.9% or better in purity) were weighed in a weighing pan and placed into an electric arc furnace. In the presence of a Ti pool (pool) oxygen getter, the mixture was melted in an Ar atmosphere to produce Si with composition 55 Al 30 Fe 15 25g ingots, where all quantities are in atomic percent.

[0022] The ingot was broken into pieces smaller than 15 mm in diameter. 10 g of this material was placed in a quartz tube ending in a 0.035 mil (0.89 μm) diameter nozzle. A thin carbon sleeve is also inserted in this tube, acting as a radio frequency coupler, to initiate the melting of the ingot. The tube was placed into the chamber of a melt-spinning machine over a 200 mm diameter copper wheel so that the distance from the nozzle opening to the wheel surface was 10 mm. The chamber was then evacuated to 80 mTorr and refilled to 200 Torr with He. The ingot is then melted in a radio frequency f...

example 2

[0031] Prepare, grind and classify melt-spun Si as described in Example 1 55 al 30 Fe 15 bring. Fragments between 32 and 20 microns are isolated. Partially coated with a porous layer of Ag according to the method described in U.S.S.N. debris. 10% increase in weight. The silver-coated particles were dispersed in methyl ethyl ketone and further reacted with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (Aldrich Chemical) (60 mg silane per 1 g of powder) by shaking for 8 hours.

[0032] The treated powder was used to prepare an electrode as described in Example 1, except that the binder was a fluorochemical elastomer available from Dyneon LLC under the designation FC-2179, the carbon was Super S carbon, and the final coating The composition contained 80% active powder, 14% carbon and 6% binder. exist Image 6 The performance of the half-cells incorporating these electrodes is shown in terms of capacity vs. cycle number. The half-cell was prepared as described in Example 1. like Image...

example 3

[0034] 6.98g of aluminum pellets, 14.80g of silicon flakes and 8.22g of copper pellets (all 99.9% or better in purity) were weighed in a weighing pan and placed into an electric arc furnace. In the presence of a Ti pool (pool) oxygen getter, the mixture was melted in an Ar atmosphere to produce Si with composition 57 al 28 Cu 14 30g crystal ingot, all quantities are in atomic percent.

[0035] The ingot was broken into pieces smaller than 15 mm in diameter. 10 g of this material was placed in a carbon tube ending in a 0.030 mil (0.76 m) diameter nozzle. The tube was placed into the chamber of a melt-spinning machine over a 200 mm diameter copper wheel so that the distance from the nozzle opening to the wheel surface was 10 mm. The chamber was then evacuated to 80 mTorr and refilled to 200 Torr with He. The ingot is then melted in a radio frequency field. When the melt reached 1200°C, the molten liquid was sprayed under 80 Torr He overpressure on a copper wheel rotating a...

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Abstract

An electrode composition for a lithium-ion battery comprising particles having an average particle size ranging from 1 mum to 50 mum. The particles include an electrochemically active phase and an electrochemically inactive phase that share a common phase boundary. The electrochemically active phase includes elemental silicon and the electrochemically inactive phase includes at least two metal elements in the form of an intermetallic compound, a solid solution, or combination thereof. Each of the phases is free of crystallites that are greater than 1000 angstroms prior to cycling. In addition, the electrochemically active phase is amorphous after the electrode has been cycled through one full charge-discharge cycle in a lithium-ion battery.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to electrode compositions useful for lithium ion batteries. Background technique [0002] A wide variety of metals, metalloids, and alloys have been investigated for use as active anode compositions for lithium-ion batteries. These materials are attractive because of their potentially higher gravimetric and volumetric capacities compared to carbon and graphite, both of which are currently used as anodes in lithium-ion batteries. However, one problem with utilizing these materials is that they undergo large volume expansion during battery operation due to lithiation and delithiation. This volume expansion in turn causes the material to be damaged, thus limiting cycle life. In addition, the methods used to prepare these materials have not been easy to manufacture on a large scale. Contents of the invention [0003] The present invention provides an electrode composition suitable for lithium-ion batteries, wherein the el...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/40H01M4/02H01M10/40B22F9/00H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/052H01M10/36
CPCY02E60/122H01M4/62B22F9/008H01M4/02H01M4/134H01M4/364B22F2009/048H01M10/052H01M4/38H01M4/1395H01M4/386Y02E60/10Y02P70/50H01M4/40H01M10/05
Inventor 利夫·克里斯坦森马克·N·奥布罗瓦茨黎丁巴
Owner JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC
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