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A composite metal lithium negative electrode and its preparation method and application

A composite metal and lithium negative electrode technology, applied in the direction of negative electrodes, battery electrodes, active material electrodes, etc., can solve the lack of stable SEI interface protection of three-dimensional current collectors, the difficulty of avoiding the influence of volume expansion in electrolyte modification, and the high cost of artificial SEI films and other problems, to achieve the effect of inhibiting the growth of lithium dendrites, avoiding irreversible attenuation, and low cost

Active Publication Date: 2022-08-05
HUAZHONG UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

These methods can inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites to a certain extent, but they all have certain limitations: electrolyte modification is difficult to avoid the influence of volume expansion; artificial SEI membranes are expensive and poor in consistency; three-dimensional current collectors lack stable SEI interface protection

Method used

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  • A composite metal lithium negative electrode and its preparation method and application
  • A composite metal lithium negative electrode and its preparation method and application
  • A composite metal lithium negative electrode and its preparation method and application

Examples

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preparation example Construction

[0039] The present invention also provides a preparation method of a composite metal lithium negative electrode, which comprises the following steps:

[0040] Firstly, the three-dimensional carbon-based current collector with porous structure is pretreated with lithiophilic metal salt;

[0041] The molten metal lithium is then composited with the pretreated three-dimensional carbon-based current collector, and a lithiophilic metal and a lithium salt are generated through a substitution reaction to obtain a composite metal lithium negative electrode.

[0042] Specifically, after cleaning and drying the three-dimensional carbon-based current collector with a porous structure, an infiltration treatment is performed in a lithiophilic metal salt solution, and the three-dimensional carbon-based current collector after the infiltration treatment is dried in a vacuum or an inert atmosphere, and then melted The metal lithium is recombined with the three-dimensional carbon-based current c...

Embodiment 1

[0054] The film-like three-dimensional carbon fiber paper with a porosity of 60% and a thickness of 150 μm was repeatedly washed three times with deionized water, alcohol and acetone, and dried in a vacuum drying box to obtain a clean three-dimensional carbon-based current collector. A 0.5 mol / L silver nitrate aqueous solution was prepared with deionized water, the three-dimensional carbon-based current collector was soaked in the aqueous solution for 3 hours, the three-dimensional carbon-based current collector fully soaked in the solution was taken out, dried at room temperature for 10 hours, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven Dry at 70°C for 8h.

[0055] The dried three-dimensional carbon-based current collector was transferred into a glove box under a high-purity argon atmosphere, and contacted with molten lithium metal at a temperature of 200 °C. The lithiophilic metal salt in it would undergo a substitution reaction with metal lithium to obtain composite metal lithiu...

Embodiment 2

[0061] Consistent with the preparation methods of the composite metal lithium negative electrode, half-cell and full-cell in Example 1, the concentration of the silver nitrate aqueous solution was adjusted to 1 mol / L, and other conditions remained unchanged.

[0062] The cycle performance test is carried out on the lithium-copper half-cell prepared in this example, such as image 3 As shown, the composite metal lithium anode treated by this method has a high current (1 mA cm -2 ) can be stably cycled for 200 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99%.

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium batteries, and specifically discloses a composite metal lithium negative electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. The negative electrode comprises a three-dimensional carbon-based current collector with a porous structure, and a metal attached to the surface of the three-dimensional carbon-based current collector and in the internal pores. Lithium, and a protective film covering metal lithium; the protective film includes a lithiophilic metal and a lithium salt, and the lithiophilic metal is a metal that can be reduced and replaced by lithium metal; the composite metal lithium negative electrode is in the first charge and discharge process with the electrolysis The liquid reacts to form a stable solid electrolyte phase interface, and the solid electrolyte phase interface will not decompose during subsequent charge and discharge processes. The three-dimensional carbon-based current collector, lithiophilic metal and lithium salt in the composite metal lithium negative electrode of the invention play the roles of relieving the volume strain of the negative electrode, inducing uniform deposition of lithium and forming a stable SEI film on the surface of the negative electrode, and the preparation method is simple, practical and cost-effective. Low, it is used in metal lithium secondary batteries, which can greatly improve the cycle life of the battery and improve the battery performance.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium batteries, and more particularly, relates to a composite metal lithium negative electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] The extensive use of fossil fuels has brought about energy crisis and environmental problems, and it is imminent to develop new energy technologies. New energy technologies have an increasing demand for high-efficiency energy storage systems with high specific energy. Traditional lithium-ion batteries have an upper limit of theoretical energy density, which makes it difficult to meet these demands. Therefore, it is of far-reaching significance to develop lithium batteries with higher specific capacity. Among them, lithium metal batteries with lithium metal as the negative electrode of the battery have obvious advantages: metal lithium has a very high theoretical specific capacity (3860mAhg -1 ) with the lowest chemical potential...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/38H01M4/66H01M4/80H01M10/0525
CPCH01M4/382H01M4/663H01M10/0525H01M4/80H01M2004/027Y02E60/10
Inventor 谢佳张涵金留曾子琪
Owner HUAZHONG UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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