Method for recovering germanium dioxide from germanium-containing smoke dust

Abstract

The invention provides a method for recovering germanium dioxide from germanium-containing smoke dust and relates to the technical field of germanium metallurgy. After the germanium-containing smoke dust is leached by a two-stage alkali method, and the germanium dioxide is recovered by filtering, purification and precipitation methods. By the process method provided by the invention, the recoveryrate of the germanium can reach to more than 90 percent, and medicaments such as ammonia water, sodium hydroxide and magnesium salt can be recycled. The process has very positive significance in solving the problems of low germanium recovery rate, high consumption, high recovery cost, low resource utilization rate and serious environmental pollution in the traditional acid method treatment processof the smoke dust.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of metallurgical production of germanium. Background technique [0002] Germanium-containing fumes are low-grade germanium-containing waste residues, most of which come from germanium distillation residues, germanium recycling and processing wastewater sludge, germanium coal combustion gravity dust, etc., and the bag dust obtained after volatilization by fire method is in the form of off-white powder, containing germanium 1 to 3 wt%, and most of the rest are calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, and a small amount of metal impurities such as lead, arsenic, zinc, and iron. The main components are as follows: germanium 1~3wt%, Ca: 5~8wt%, SiO 2 : 60-75 wt%, As: 0.05-0.1 wt%, Zn: 0.05-0.1 wt%, Pb: 0.01-0.02 wt%, Fe: 0.1-0.3 wt%. [0003] So far, the methods for recovering germanium from germanium-containing fumes are as follows: [0004] 1. Fire recovery method: [0005] For example, CN201811446047.5 discloses a method for...

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Problems solved by technology

There are big problems in these processes, such as a large amount of acid solution increases the cost, sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid has a big safety hazard, and the use of a large amount of acid brings big environmental problems, etc.

[0014] In addition, the relevant literature and patent technology disclose the secondary pyrolysis volatilization and enrichment method, which has the problems of flue gas pollution and loss of germanium in the slag, and high energy consumption, which requires the use of fuels such as coal or coke

[0015] There are also relevant literature and patent reports to carry out corresponding pretreatment under the conditions of alkali fusion or alkali leaching treatment method. It is necessary to use a large amount of acid to neutralize the alkali to recover germanium. The alkali used in the above process cannot be recycled, and it is economical. lower sex

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