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Metal lithium negative electrode and preparation method thereof

A metal lithium and negative electrode technology, applied in the field of dense metal lithium negative electrode and its preparation, can solve the problems of unfavorable uniform deposition of lithium metal, complex preparation process, three-dimensional current collector thickness, etc., and achieve uniform distribution and rapid transmission, preparation method Simple, good cycle stability effect

Active Publication Date: 2020-01-07
SHENZHEN GRADUATE SCHOOL TSINGHUA UNIV
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although the three-dimensional conductive framework can reduce the effective current density of the electrode and slow down the growth of dendrites, the surface of commonly used current collectors such as copper and carbon materials is not lithium-friendly, which is not conducive to the uniform deposition of lithium metal.
Moreover, these three-dimensional current collectors are usually thick, and the utilization rate of internal pores is very low, which reduces the volumetric energy density of the electrode.
Coating a lithium-philic layer on the surface of a three-dimensional current collector can effectively reduce the nucleation overpotential of lithium metal, but it usually reduces the conductivity of the electrode, and the preparation process is complicated and the cost is high.

Method used

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  • Metal lithium negative electrode and preparation method thereof
  • Metal lithium negative electrode and preparation method thereof
  • Metal lithium negative electrode and preparation method thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0039] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a metal lithium negative electrode, comprising the following steps:

[0040] Step S1: providing a current collector body, the current collector body is a porous conductive material, and the porosity of the porous conductive material is 10%-95%.

[0041] In one embodiment, the current collector body is at least one of copper nanowire interweaves, copper foam, and porous copper foil, the pore structure of the current collector body is evenly distributed, and the porosity of the current collector body is further It can be 40%-85%. In other embodiments, the current collector body may also be a porous conductive material of nickel.

[0042] When the current collector body is a copper nanowire or copper nanowire interwoven body, the prefabrication of the copper nanowire current collector body includes the following steps:

[0043] Step S101: provide a precursor solution, the precursor solution includes copper salt, ...

Embodiment 1

[0074] Add copper chloride and tetradecylamine to 250 mL of deionized water to form a first mixed solution, wherein the concentration of copper chloride is 2.8 mg / mL, and the concentration of tetradecylamine is 10.6 mg / mL. Adding 1 g of glucose to the first mixed solution and mixing evenly to obtain a precursor solution, and placing it in a constant temperature oven at 100°C for 8 hours to obtain a copper nanowire dispersion;

[0075] Suction-filtering the copper nanowire dispersion, and washing with isopropanol and ethanol respectively to remove residual surfactants to obtain the copper nanowire current collector body;

[0076]Place the copper nanowire current collector body in a dual-temperature zone tube furnace, heat-treat with argon as a protective gas, place 200mg of sodium hypophosphite in the upstream area of ​​the airflow, and heat it to 300-400°C, and place the copper nanowires in the downstream of the airflow zone, and the temperature was raised to 100° C., and the ...

Embodiment 2

[0089] Add copper chloride and tetradecylamine to 250 mL of deionized water to form a first mixed solution, wherein the concentration of copper chloride is 2.8 mg / mL, and the concentration of tetradecylamine is 10.6 mg / mL. Add 1 g of glucose to the first mixed solution and mix evenly to obtain a precursor solution, and place it in a constant temperature oven at 100°C for 8 hours to obtain a copper nanowire dispersion;

[0090] Suction-filtering the copper nanowire dispersion, and washing with isopropanol and ethanol respectively to remove residual surfactants to obtain the copper nanowire current collector body;

[0091] Place the copper nanowire current collector body in a dual-temperature zone tube furnace, heat-treat with argon as a protective gas, place 200mg of sodium hypophosphite in the upstream area of ​​the airflow, and heat it to 300-400°C, and place the copper nanowires in the downstream of the airflow zone, and the temperature was raised to 100° C., and the reactio...

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Abstract

The invention provides a metal lithium negative electrode. The lithium ion battery negative electrode comprises a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer deposited in the negative electrode current collector; the negative electrode active material layer is made of metal lithium; the negative electrode current collector comprises a current collector bodyand a gradient conductive ion layer coating the surfaces of pores in the current collector body and the outer surface of the current collector body; the ion and electron transmission of the current collector is ensured; the negative electrode active material layer is deposited on the surface of the gradient conductive ion layer; the current collector body is made of a porous conductive material; the porosity of the porous conductive material is 10%-95%; the gradient conductive ion layer is made of at least one material selected from lithium phosphide, lithium oxide, lithium nitride, lithium sulfide, lithium fluoride, lithium chloride, lithium bromide, lithium iodide and lithium phosphate. The invention further provides a preparation method of the metal lithium negative electrode.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries, and in particular relates to a dense metal lithium negative electrode and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of electric vehicles and mobile electronic devices, it is imminent to develop a new generation of high energy density battery systems. In the lithium-sulfur, lithium-air battery system, the metal lithium negative electrode has a high theoretical specific capacity (3860mAh / g), the lowest electrode potential -3.045V (relative to the standard hydrogen electrode), and the metal lithium density is low, so much attention. However, the unstable deposition-extraction of metallic lithium anodes during charge and discharge can easily produce dendrites and dead lithium, which reduces the capacity and stability of the electrodes, and has not been able to become the anode material for commercial secondary batteries. The volume change produced duri...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/66B82Y30/00
CPCB82Y30/00H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/661H01M4/667Y02E60/10
Inventor 吕伟张琛康飞宇黄志佳张云博韩志远游从辉杨全红
Owner SHENZHEN GRADUATE SCHOOL TSINGHUA UNIV
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