Preparation method and applications of cellulose membrane

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and applications of a cellulose membrane. According to the preparation method, plant waste is subjected to simple pre-treatment to remove a part of lignin,the obtained pre-treated plant waste is subjected to swelling dissolving in an inorganic salt solution, so that the prepared cellulose membrane possesses excellent mechanical performance, and the mechanical properties and the transparency of the cellulose membrane can be adjusted through controlling the content of lignin. The preparation method is capable of simplifying preparation steps of the cellulose membrane directly prepared from plant waste greatly, the inorganic salt solution can be recycled further, cost is low, the product is nontoxic, the preparation process is more friendly to theenvironment, energy consumption is low, the requirement of the preparation method on cellulose purity is not high, cellulose membrane preparation threshold and cost can be reduced further, it is beneficial for large production, and a novel direction is provided for cellulose membrane preparation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cellulose films, in particular to a preparation method and application of a cellulose film. Background technique [0002] A lot of agricultural wastes are wasted every year, for example, a large amount of straw, bagasse and fruit husks are discarded or burned at will, which not only causes environmental pollution, but also wastes resources. Making full use of these agricultural wastes can effectively reduce this problem. pollution while reducing dependence on fossil energy. [0003] Lignocellulose is a natural polymer, widely found in various plants, with low price and low density. In recent years, it has been used more and more in daily necessities, building materials, medicine, chemicals, energy, etc. It is unmatched by other polymer materials. At present, the use of lignocellulose to prepare film materials has been reported many times, but the current preparation of cellulose films usually directly us...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Lignocellulose is a natural high-molecular polymer that widely exists in various plants. It is cheap and low-density. In recent years, it has been more and more used in daily necessities, building materials, medicine, chemicals, energy, etc. It is unmatched by other polymer materials. At present, the use of lignocellulose to prepare film materials has been reported many times, but the current preparation of cellulose films usually directly uses cellulose pulp as raw material or extracts pure cellulose from plant waste and then uses it. Phase inversion method is used to prepare cellulose film because cellulose is easy to dissolve and the cellulose content in cellulose pulp is nearly 100%. The cost of plain film is high, and the solvents currently used for dissolving cellulose such as: ionic liquid, NaOH / urea, NMMO, etc. also have certain defects, for example: ionic liquid is very expensive and not suitable for large-scale use, and NaOH / urea The requirements for the purity and polymerization degree of cellulose are very high, NMMO is easy to oxidize, and the dissolution conditions are relatively complicated, which further limits the further development of cellulose membranes. However, if plant wastes such as straw, bagasse, and fruit shells are directly used as raw materials Cellulose membranes need to gradually remove lignin and hemicellulose from plant waste to obtain high-purity cellulose, because the original plant waste contains not only cellulose, but also lignin and hemicellulose, which cannot Dissolve it, but this process is very tedious and consumes high energy and causes great pollution to the environment due to the use of a large amount of solvent

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