Apparatus and method for rapid catalytic pyrolysis of milled-belt biomass

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of biomass energy utilization, and relates to a grinding belt-type device for rapid catalytic pyrolysis of biomass and a method. The device comprises a hopper, a feed system, a grinding belt-type pyrolysis reactor, a gas-solid separation system, a pyrolysis gas condensation system, a combustion system, a bio-oil collection tank, a charcoal collection tank, an airpreheating system and a flue gas purification system, wherein the grinding belt-type pyrolysis reactor comprises grinding belts, heating tubes, driving drums, tensioning devices, a sealed casing, a feed inlet, a discharge opening and a gas outlet. Pretreated material particles are continuously sheared and rubbed by the grinding belts with speed difference on two sides, and are heated by the multi-layer heating tubes to continuously pyrolyze on the surface while stripping the residual charcoal, so that a catalyst and heat can be fully fed inside the particles; the pyrolysis gas is rapidly condensed by gas-solid separation to obtain high-grade bio-oil fuel or bio-oil rich in specific high value-added products; combustible gas and coke produced by combustion generate high-temperature flue gas for heating the heating tubes, so as to achieve an autothermal pyrolysis process.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass energy utilization, and in particular relates to a belt-grinding biomass fast catalytic pyrolysis device and method. Background technique [0002] With the increasingly serious energy shortage and environmental pollution in today's society, compared with other renewable energy sources, biomass is gradually developing in the direction of replacing traditional fossil energy due to its energy carrier characteristics; and pyrolysis technology will It is one of the effective methods for converting biomass raw materials into high-efficiency energy substances such as gas and liquid fuels. In addition, through the directional control of biomass pyrolysis process by using catalysts, bio-oil rich in specific chemicals can be selectively prepared, which also heralds its unlimited potential to replace petrochemicals for the production of chemical raw materials. The key to large-scale and industrial applicati...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] As for the catalytic pyrolysis technology of biomass, the current mainstream pyrolysis reactors are analyzed: for kinetic mechanical reactors, such as rotating cones and ablation reactors, although they have low energy consumption and compact structure, they can be strengthened by rotating centrifugation. wall heat exchange, but it is difficult to ensure the catalytic effect of the catalyst on the inside of the particles by centrifugal force alone; for the pressure roller reactor, although the raw material particles can be heated up rapidly by forced rolling, the raw material particles also become tight during the rolling process. In fact, it is also difficult to catalyze the internal reaction of the particles; for the fluidized bed reactor, through the collision of the raw material particles and the heat carrier, it can continuously peel off the remaining carbon from the pyrolysis on the surface of the raw material while ensuring high-efficiency heat transfer, so that the catalytic effect continues to penetrate Correspondingly, problems such as difficulty in condensation of pyrolysis gas caused by large amount of carrier gas, large loss of condensation heat, serious wear of the reactor, and large equipment also limit the development of fluidized bed reactors.

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