Plasma cladding and laser forging composite additive and subtractive manufacturing method and device

Abstract

The invention designs a plasma cladding and laser forging composite additive and subtractive manufacturing method and device, and belongs to the field of metal material increasing and additive and subtractive manufacturing. The method is based on integration of three technologies of a plasma beam cladding technology, a laser impact forging technology and a laser cutting technology, the three technologies are coupled with and affect each other, a formed area is subjected to laser impact forging through short-pulse laser while plasma beam cladding is conducted, internal residual tensile stress is removed, and the cracking and deformation problems of the formed area are solved; the formed area is subjected to laser milling after three or more layers are formed, and based on the characteristics of non-contact cutting force, slight heat influence and special surface processing of laser processing, the problems that the formed area has adhering slag and is high in roughness are solved, meanwhile, through the method, a workpiece does not need to be moved frequently, and the problem of errors and deformation caused by mechanical milling and clamping are solved. The method integrates the advantages that heat is concentrated of plasma beam cladding, the heat influence is slight, the vacuum environment is not needed, residual compressive stress in materials can be increased through laserimpact forging, inside pores and defects of parts are eliminated, grain structures are refined, no cutting force exists during laser cutting, and the heat influence is slight, complementation is achieved, and the mechanical properties and surface quality of the parts obtained through additive manufacturing are improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of additive and subtractive material manufacturing, in particular to a plasma cladding and laser forging composite additive and subtractive material manufacturing method and device. Background technique [0002] Additive Manufacturing (AM), commonly known as 3D printing, combines computer-aided design, material processing and forming technology, based on digital model files, and uses software and numerical control system to integrate special metal materials, non-metal materials and medical biomaterials , According to extrusion, sintering, melting, photo-curing, spraying and other ways to accumulate layer by layer, the manufacturing technology of manufacturing physical objects. Compared with the traditional processing mode of raw material removal-cutting and assembly, it is a "bottom-up" manufacturing method through material accumulation, starting from scratch. This makes it possible to manufacture complex s...

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Problems solved by technology

However, there are also certain technical problems, such as deformation of the workpiece, cracking of the coating, and poor surface accuracy, which restrict the development and application of this technology to a certain extent.

[0004] Chinese patent CN106166615A discloses a 3D printing device based on laminar plasma technology. Using laminar plasma as a heat source, the printed parts can move freely and flexibly. However, this patent does not consider some technical defects of plasma beam cladding, such as workpiece deformation and coating cracking. and poor surface accuracy, the internal quality and mechanical properties of the parts, the external dimensional accuracy and surface roughness cannot be guaranteed

However, the mechanical properties of the internal structure after plasma beam cladding are not considered, and the internal defects caused by changes in cladding parameters are not considered.

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