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Silicon nano-material with three-dimensional cross-linked structure as well as preparation method and application thereof

A three-dimensional crosslinking and silicon nanotechnology, applied in nanotechnology, structural parts, chemical instruments and methods, etc., can solve the problems of high synthesis cost and time cost, and achieve the effect of abundant reserves, excellent lithium battery performance and safe operation

Active Publication Date: 2018-08-03
CENT SOUTH UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In addition, the silica raw material used in the magnesia thermal reaction is obtained from ethyl orthosilicate through traditional Derived from the method, it has high synthesis cost and time cost

Method used

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  • Silicon nano-material with three-dimensional cross-linked structure as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Silicon nano-material with three-dimensional cross-linked structure as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Silicon nano-material with three-dimensional cross-linked structure as well as preparation method and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0034] Weigh 0.5g halloysite clay mineral and disperse it into 2mol / L hydrochloric acid solution (40mL), stir evenly, transfer it to a reaction kettle, seal it, and place it at 120°C for 4h. After the reaction product was centrifuged, washed and dried at 60°C for 6-8 hours, 0.2g of the product, 0.8g of magnesium powder, and 8g of aluminum chloride powder were weighed and mixed evenly, then transferred to a reaction kettle and placed at 250°C for 10 hours. The reaction product was purified by acid washing with a mixture of hydrochloric acid (2mol / L) and hydrofluoric acid (10wt%) at 80°C (volume ratio 2:1) for 3h, dried and dried at 60°C for 6-8h to obtain a powder sample, And the prepared samples were tested for lithium battery performance. like figure 1 The shown halloysite clay mineral is identified as a high-purity halloysite phase by XRD; as figure 2 The powder product obtained by the shown hydrothermal acid treatment is amorphous silicon dioxide; it is analyzed by X-ray...

Embodiment 2

[0036] Weigh 0.7g of halloysite clay mineral and disperse it into 5mol / L hydrochloric acid solution (40mL), stir evenly, transfer it to a reaction kettle, seal it, and place it at 130°C for 2h. After the reaction product was centrifuged, washed and dried at 60°C for 6-8 hours, 0.2g of the product, 0.8g of magnesium powder, and 8g of aluminum chloride powder were weighed and mixed evenly, then transferred to a reaction kettle and placed at 250°C for 10 hours. The reaction product was purified by acid washing with a mixture of hydrochloric acid (2mol / L) and hydrofluoric acid (10wt%) at 80°C (volume ratio 2:1) for 3h, dried and dried at 60°C for 6-8h to obtain a powder sample, And the prepared sample was tested for lithium battery performance, and it was found that the performance was equivalent to that of the material prepared in Example 1.

Embodiment 3

[0038] Weigh 0.7g montmorillonite and disperse it into 2mol / L sulfuric acid solution (40mL), stir evenly, transfer to a reaction kettle, seal it, and place it at 90°C for 2h. After the reaction product was centrifuged, washed and dried at 60°C for 6-8 hours, 0.2g of the product, 0.8g of magnesium powder, and 8g of aluminum chloride powder were weighed and mixed evenly, then transferred to a reaction kettle and placed at 210°C for 4 hours. The reaction product was purified by acid washing with a mixture of hydrochloric acid (2mol / L) and hydrofluoric acid (10wt%) at 80°C (volume ratio 2:1) for 3h, dried and dried at 60°C for 6-8h to obtain a powder sample, And the prepared samples were tested for lithium battery performance. It is found that the material prepared in this example is slightly inferior to the material prepared in Example 1 in terms of purity, size and performance, but it is also significantly better than the general lithium battery negative electrode active materia...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a silicon nano-material with a three-dimensional cross-linked structure as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The silicon nano-material with the three-dimensional cross-linked structure is extracted from silicate minerals by adopting a fused salt reduction method; specifically, the preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing magnesium powder or aluminum powder, aluminum chloride and a silicon dioxide precursor formed by carrying out hydrothermal acidification treatment and derivatization on natural silicate minerals; carrying out sealed fused salt reduction reaction in a reaction kettle to prepare the silicon nano-material with the three-dimensional cross-linked structure. The method disclosed by the invention is simple andefficient and is easy to prepare; prepared silicon particles have good characteristics of high purity, small size, high specific capacity and the like, and have a wide application prospect in the energy-storage fields including electrode materials of ion batteries and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a three-dimensional crosslinked silicon nanomaterial extracted and prepared from natural silicate minerals, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of inorganic non-metallic nanomaterials. Background technique [0002] The increasing global demand for energy, the extensive use of non-renewable fossil fuels, and the increasingly serious environmental pollution have prompted researchers to explore and utilize more efficient, low-cost, and environmentally friendly energy storage and conversion technologies and materials. In the past few years, lithium-ion batteries with better charge-discharge cycle stability have been gradually applied to actual production and life. However, so far the specific theoretical capacity of commercial lithium battery anode materials - carbon materials is low (0.372Ah g -1 ), are increasingly unable to meet the needs of human life. There is still a lot of room for improv...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B33/023H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/38B82Y40/00
CPCC01B33/023C01P2002/72C01P2004/03C01P2004/04C01P2004/30C01P2004/64H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/386Y02E60/10
Inventor 刘小鹤万浩熊豪王海东邱冠周
Owner CENT SOUTH UNIV
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