Acrylic fiber with flying saucer-like cross section and production method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an acrylic fiber with a flying saucer-like cross section. The acrylic fiber with the flying saucer-like cross section mainly comprises, by mass, 91 to 94% of acrylonitrile and 6 to 9% of vinyl acetate, and is prepared through extrusion by a spinneret plate; and the cross section of the acrylic fiber has a length-breadth ratio of (6-9): 2. The invention also discloses a production method for the acrylic fiber with the flying saucer-like cross section. The production method comprises the following steps: allowing acrylonitrile and vinyl acetate to form a spinning solution in a solvent after copolymerization; heating the spinning solution to 82 to 90 DEG C, extruding the spinning solution from the spinneret plate and forming nascent fibers in a coagulation bath; and subjecting the nascent fibers to washing and drafting so as to form fiber bundles and carrying out oiling, drying and sizing on the fiber bundles so as to prepare the acrylic fiber with the flying saucer-like cross section. According to the invention, the prepared acrylic fiber has excellent performance by adjusting the contents of acrylonitrile and vinyl acetate in a copolymer and the molecular weight of the copolymer, reasonably designing the spinneret plate and adjusting a production process.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an acrylic fiber, in particular to an acrylic fiber with a flying saucer cross-section and a production method thereof. Background technique [0002] Acrylic fiber (polyacrylonitrile fiber) is known as artificial wool. It has the advantages of softness, bulkiness, easy dyeing, bright color, light resistance, antibacterial, and not afraid of insects. It has good elasticity, and the rebound rate can still maintain 65% when it is stretched by 20%. It is fluffy, curly and soft, and its warmth retention is 15% higher than that of wool. The strength is 1.8-4.5cN / dtex, which is 1-2.5 times higher than wool. The light fastness performance is excellent, and the strength will only decrease by 20% after being exposed to the open air for one year. The softening temperature of fiber is 190-230℃, it can resist acid, oxidant and general organic solvent, but its alkali resistance is poor. According to different application requirements, it c...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Most of the spinnerets used in the existing acrylic fiber manufacturing process have a circular spinneret hole structure, and the produced acrylic fiber cross-section is a circular solid structure, which is closely arranged and lacks a hydrophilic structure between molecules, so the moisture regain is very small , poor hygroscopicity and dyeability, and it is easy to form diffuse reflection when light hits the surface of the fiber, so the gloss is poor; at the same time, there are disadvantages such as poor hand feeling and poor personal comfort, which are difficult to meet people's needs

In addition, the current production of acrylic fiber adopts dry spinning, wet spinning or dry-wet spinning. The air gap is small, and the time for polymer molecular chain movement adjustment is short. It is small and easy to cause sticking, so it is difficult to ensure the uniformity of the spun fiber tow. Due to many problems such as process conditions and equipment conditions, it is difficult to spin efficiently and stably for a long period of time.

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