Intercalation composite material and preparation method thereof, polymer nanocomposite material

Abstract

The invention provides an intercalation composite material and a preparation method thereof, and a polymer nanocomposite material. The intercalation composite material includes an inorganic laminate and interlayer ions; the charge of the interlayer ion is opposite to that of the inorganic laminate; The interlayer ions are formed by anionic fluorocarbon surfactants or cationic fluorocarbon surfactants; the inorganic laminates are formed by inorganic layered materials. Compared with the prior art, the present invention uses fluorocarbon surfactants to form interlayer ions. Fluorocarbon surfactants have higher surface activity, hydrophobicity, chemical inertness and thermal stability, so that intercalation composites have higher Excellent heat resistance, chemical stability and unique interfacial properties; fluorocarbon surfactants can disperse nanosheets into the polymer matrix at a higher concentration, so that polymer nanocomposites can achieve a high content of nanohybridization; The higher heat resistance temperature of fluorocarbon surfactants helps to improve the dielectric properties, corona resistance and breakdown resistance of polymer nanocomposites.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and in particular relates to an intercalation composite material, a preparation method thereof, and a polymer nanocomposite material. Background technique [0002] Nanocomposite materials refer to composite materials whose dispersed phase size is nanoscale (1-100nm). The nano-dispersed phase has the characteristics of unique surface effect, volume effect, quantum size effect and macro-quantum tunneling effect, which make the polymer-based nanocomposites present many characteristics different from conventional composite materials, such as synchronous toughening and strengthening effect, high Strength, high modulus, corona resistance, breakdown resistance, photoelectric conversion, high-efficiency catalysis, and barrier properties. Therefore, polymer-based nanocomposites are an important aspect in the field of nanocomposite research and have attracted widespread attention. [0003] Na...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

When the intercalated layered material prepared by this kind of hydrocarbon surfactant is combined with heat-resistant polymer materials (such as polyimide, aromatic polyamide, polyether ketone, polyether sulfone and polybenzimidazole, etc.) , the main problems that exist are: (1) in dipolar aprotic solvents (such as polyimide commonly used solvent N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone , N-cyclohexylpyrrolidone) has a low peeling dispersion concentration, which affects the dispersion of nanosheets in the polymer matrix and reduces the performance of the composite material; (2) when blended with polar polymers at high temperatures, it is easy to degrade , easy to agglomerate, difficult to peel off and disperse; (3) low heat resistance, heat-resistant materials such as polyimide, etc., its processing and use temperatures exceed 300 ° C, at such temperatures hydrocarbon surfactants will Decomposition occurs, and it is difficult to remain between the interface between the polymer and the nanosheet, which affects the intercalation and exfoliation dispersion of the layered material, thereby affecting the performance of the composite material

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