Ultra-wideband high-gain antenna based on radial disk impedance converter

Abstract

The invention provides an ultra-wideband high-gain antenna based on a radial disk impedance converter. According to the ultra-wideband high-gain antenna, the radial disk technology is introduced into the ultra-wideband antenna design for the first time, the design of the radial disk impedance converter is added to a feeding position of the antenna, the ultra-wideband operation problem of different transmission line converters in a feeding system can be solved, and the effect that an antenna radiator can achieve effective conversion and directed radiation of electromagnetic energy under the condition of wideband feeding can be guaranteed. Meanwhile, a ridge waveguide structure with electric field and magnetic field centralizing effects is adopted, and two side surfaces of a ridge waveguide cavity used for energy exchange adopt a triangular ridge structure with an ultra-wideband property, thereby guaranteeing the effect that electromagnetic waves of different frequencies have well matched electromagnetic energy conversion cavities. The ultra-wideband high-gain antenna based on the radial disk impedance converter adopts the large-diameter gradually changing and ridge directional horn radiator design technologies, can achieve high gain and directed radiation of the antenna within ultra-wideband, and can control polarization characteristic and directional diagram sidelobes of the antenna.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an ultra-wideband high-gain antenna based on a radial disk impedance converter, which belongs to the technical field of antennas. Background technique [0002] Commonly used broadband antennas mainly include four types: traveling wave antennas, non-frequency variable antennas, multimode antennas, and combined antennas. Traveling wave antennas, such as long-wire antennas, surface wave antennas, leaky wave antennas, and ridge waveguide antennas, mainly have problems such as large antenna size, large material loss, and low antenna gain. Non-frequency variable antennas, such as Archimedes planar helical antennas, logarithmic antennas, and mirror antennas, mainly have problems such as large material loss, difficult feeding, and low antenna gain. Multi-mode antennas, such as ridge-variable waveguide section antennas, mainly have the problem that the directivity changes with frequency. Combined antennas, such as multi-frequency comb...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

According to the survey results of various documents and domestic and foreign products, there are two major shortcomings in the ultra-wideband antenna products at home and abroad: one is that the antenna working frequency range covers 1-18GHz, and the other is that the antenna gain is generally low, especially in the low frequency band. at 7-8dBi

[0004] From the perspective of technology, application and reliability, the design scheme based on the multi-mode ridge gradient horn antenna has better performance, but its disadvantage is that the standing wave coefficient, operating bandwidth and antenna gain of the existing multi-mode ridge gradient horn antennas are all poor. Can't meet high design requirements

In the "ANovelCompactUltraWidebandAnternna" paper published in the international IEEE-AP magazine in 2009, a design method for ultra-wideband antennas was introduced. The feed structure design with added spherical balls was used to achieve high gain in the ultra-wideband range of 3-100GHz, although The antenna has an extremely wide operating frequency band, but because the maximum radiation direction of the antenna on the horizontal plane changes with the operating frequency, it cannot be used for platforms that require directional antennas

[0005] The existing multi-mode ridge tapered horn antenna design method is difficult to achieve high-gain directional radiation and antenna impedance matching in the extremely wide frequency range of 1-20GHz. When the antenna works to a higher frequency range than the lowest frequency, due to High-order mode electromagnetic waves appear in the ridge waveguide designed based on the lowest frequency, which causes lobe splitting in the radiation pattern of electromagnetic waves at high frequencies of the antenna

At the same time, due to the high-order mode, the impedance matching between the ridge waveguide and the coaxial feeder is deteriorated

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