Unitary or polybasic aerogel thermal insulation material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a unitary or polybasic aerogel thermal insulation material and a preparation method of the material. The method comprises the steps of preparing sol, solidifying sol to form gel, aging and drying, or comprises the steps of preparing sol, preparing a prefabricated body, infiltrating, coagulating sol, aging and drying. The aerogel component in the thermal insulation materialdisclosed by the invention is formed in a unitary or polybasic way, and can be formed by flexibly adjusting a single component, so that the characteristic of aerogel can be given a full play to the greatest extent, the material can be used in different temperature resisting fields, and aerogel formed by different components can be used aiming at the different temperature resisting fields, so thatthe heat insulation effect of the aerogel thermal insulation material can be more high-efficiency. The production and forming method of the unitary or polybasic aerogel thermal insulation material, disclosed by the invention, is a set of technology which is complete, continuous, and low in cost, and can be used in industrial method production, the produced aerogel thermal insulation material withhigh performance is wide in application field, is wide in using temperature, can meet different using requirements of war industry fields, civil fields, heat-protection fields with special requirements, and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to an airgel heat insulating material and a preparation method thereof, more specifically, the present invention relates to a one-element or multi-element composite airgel heat-insulation material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Airgel composite heat insulation material is a new type of heat insulation material, and its heat insulation effect can reach more than 7 times that of conventional heat insulation materials, so it is called super heat insulation material. Airgel composite thermal insulation materials are widely used in various fields such as military, civilian and aerospace. Typical application examples include: thermal insulation tiles on the outer surface of the space shuttle; thermal insulation blankets for the Mars Exploration Rover of Spirit; ; F-22 aircraft engine heat shield structure; Gulf of Mexico submarine oil pipeline, etc. As a high-efficiency heat insulation material,...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] As far as the current development situation is concerned, most of the molding processes of airgel composite insulation materials produced at home and abroad are still in the laboratory research and development stage, and there are few mature processes for industrial production, and the produced airgel materials are used in different temperature environments. The heat insulation effect and mechanical properties cannot meet the needs of practical applications, and the entire production cost is also too high

The products produced have some application performance defects in different fields of application, such as high temperature resistance but poor heat insulation effect, hydrophobic effect or fire resistance; the use of parts is more than special shape, the heat insulation layer is not pasted and the heat insulation effect is greatly reduced

At the same time, most of the processes use high equipment requirements or high process requirements or insufficient performance compatibility, resulting in low output or high production costs, which limit their continuous production capabilities and limit their use in a wide range of industries. Popularization and use in the civil field, especially the environmental application in the field of high and low temperature applications

For example, in the production process of alumina airgel, the organic or inorganic aluminum salt used in the sol preparation process is used as the precursor, and the preparation process must be realized through special devices at high temperature and room temperature, such as the reflux device required in Chinese patent CN200710034510.0 After heating to 60-80°C, it is cooled to room temperature after completion, and the aging time is also long, which makes the continuous production process demanding, high energy consumption, and high cost. If organic aluminum salts are used, the cost of raw materials is also quite high. This limits the industrial production of alumina airgel

Some domestic and foreign research institutions and companies that produce airgel materials, most of the airgel insulation materials studied are not wide enough to use, and the performance corresponding to different environments is not appropriate enough, especially not suitable for applications in high temperature fields, such as 800 Use defects appear above ℃, and the low-cost industrial production process is also subject to certain restrictions