Foundation-based atmosphere profile microwave detector

Abstract

The invention provides a foundation-based atmosphere profile microwave detector. The detector is characterized by comprising an antenna feeder unit, a radiometer receiving unit and a scanning mechanism unit, wherein the antenna feeder unit comprises two independent antenna feeder sub-units for two wavebands and is provided with two-frequency independent reflective surfaces; the two independent antenna reflective surfaces are arranged at two ends of the output shaft of a scanning motor respectively, can realize beam scanning through motor rotation, and are used for receiving microwave radiation of atmosphere and an internal calibration reference source; the radiometer receiving unit comprises a directional coupler, a radio amplifier, a power divider, a band pass filter, a square law detector, an integrator and a video amplifier, and is used for realizing intermediate frequency detection of a received signal; the scanning mechanism unit comprises a scanning shaft, a scanning step motor, two front ends and a sub-miniature type A (SMA) connector; and driven by the scanning motor, the scanning shaft drives the two reflective surfaces to circumferentially scan so as to realize observation on sky in different incident angles and measurement on an internal calibration blackbody and acquire data which is acquired in a measurement and periodic internal calibration unit.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a system device and a method thereof, in particular to a ground-based atmospheric profile microwave detector. Background technique [0002] The microwave radiometer is a passive microwave remote sensor that can penetrate clouds and rain areas, and can penetrate the surface or vegetation at a certain depth to obtain ground information covered by vegetation and target information at a certain depth below the surface. Timely and all-weather observation of global atmospheric temperature and humidity, water vapor content, rainfall and other space weather data, as well as geological and resource surveys, marine environment and sea state detection, severe weather forecast and detection, etc., play an important role in atmospheric detection and ocean observation effect. From a broad perspective, microwave radiometers are mainly used in atmospheric microwave remote sensing, ocean microwave remote sensing, and terrestrial microwave remo...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, due to the limitation of device level and technical level, it cannot be widely used in China.

[0009] In terms of structural configuration, the MP30000A of Radiometrics uses a dual-frequency shared reflection surface. The advantage is that the system has a small lateral volume. However, if the addition of a polarization separation grid requires a certain installation space and other requirements, There is a limited reduction in the actual horizontal size, and the size will increase in the height direction

At the same time, the polarized grid required for the dual-frequency public reflector will bring the following problems: the processing is difficult and the cost will increase; the polarized grid will introduce system loss, which is not conducive to improving system sensitivity; due to the frequency span of the two frequency bands If the reflective surface of the antenna is too large, it is necessary to take into account the high and low ends of the frequency, resulting in a decrease in the index of the antenna feed system, which is not conducive to improving the accuracy of the system; the performance of the radome and the calibration blackbody must take into account the two bands, and the parameter index is limited

[0010] Schematic diagram of the dual-frequency shared reflector configuration of the existing antenna feeder system based on the ground-based atmospheric profile microwave sounder. It has the characteristics of small horizontal size and large vertical size. The dual-frequency observation is realized by the separated grid, which increases a certain loss. The dual-frequency shared calibration blackbody has high requirements on the performance of the blackbody. To take into account the dual-frequency performance, it is required to use a radome with a wide working frequency band. At this time, the wave transmission loss is relatively large. , the system expandability is poor in this configuration mode, and multi-polarization measurement expansion cannot be performed

Images