The invention discloses the use of arsenic trioxide in the preparation of medicine for treating advanced atherosclerosis. The present invention introduces arsenic trioxide into the treatment of advanced atherosclerosis for the first time, uses its mechanism of promoting autophagy of macrophages in plaques, reduces the area of lipid core and the infiltration of inflammatory cells, increases the thickness of fibrous cap, and promotes plaque Block stability, to treat atherosclerosis. The proposal of the present invention provides a new type of non-invasive and safe treatment method for the treatment of clinical patients with advanced atherosclerosis in addition to invasive treatments such as surgery. While improving the survival rate and quality of life of patients, it also reduces the risk of acute cardiovascular disease. It reduces the incidence of incidents, reduces the manpower, material and financial resources consumed by surgery, and reduces the medical and economic burden on families and society. In summary, the present invention provides a new drug for the clinical treatment of advanced atherosclerosis, which can reduce the occurrence of acute cardiovascular events and has certain clinical significance.