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Biofuel production

a biofuel and biotechnology technology, applied in the field of biofuel production, can solve the problems of increasing the use of pesticides and fertilizers, reducing water availability and quality, and reducing the degradation of lignocellulolic biomass using biological systems,

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-06-18
BIO ARCHITECTURE LAB +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention relates to methods for converting certain monosaccharides or oligosaccharides to commodity chemicals using a combination of enzymatic and chemical processes. The methods can involve the use of a commodity chemical biosynthesis pathway that includes an aldehyde or ketone biosynthesis pathway, a C—C ligation pathway, and / or a dehydration and reduction pathway. The invention also includes the use of biomass, such as marine biomass or vegetable / fruit / plant biomass, as a substrate for the conversion process. The biomass can be obtained from sources such as algae, seaweed, or plant peel or pomace. The invention can provide a more efficient and cost-effective way to produce certain commodity chemicals from renewable resources.

Problems solved by technology

Presents method for converting biomass into biofuels focus on the use of lignocellulolic biomass, and there are many problems associated with using this process.
Other problems include a decrease in water availability and quality and an increase in the use of pesticides and fertilizers.
The degradation of lignocellulolic biomass using biological systems is a very difficult challenge due to its substantial mechanistic strength and the complex chemical components.
The only available alternate to this complex approach requires a substantial amount of heat, pressure, and strong acids.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Engineering E. Coli to Grow on Alginate as a Sole Source of Carbon

[0404]Wild type E. coli cannot use alginate polymer or degraded alginate as its sole carbon source (see FIG. 4). Vibrio splendidus, however, is known to be able to metabolize alginate to support growth. To generate recombinant E. coli that use degraded alginate as its sole carbon source, a Vibrio splendidus fosmid library was constructed and cloned into E. coli.

[0405]To prepare the Vibrio splendidus fosmid library, genomic DNA was isolated from Vibrio Splendidus B01 (gift from Dr. Martin Polz, MIT) using the DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, Calif.). A fosmid library was then constructed using Copy Control Fosmid Library Production Kit (Epicentre, Madison, Wis.). This library consisted of random genomic fragments of approximately 40 kb inserted into the vector pCC1FOS (Epicentre, Madison, Wis.).

[0406]The fosmid library was packaged into phage, and E. coli DH10B cells harboring a pDONR221 plasmid (Invitro...

example 2

Engineering E. Coli to Grow on Pectin as a Sole Source of Carbon

[0412]Wild type E. coli is not capable of growing on pectin, di-, or tri-galacturonates as a sole source of carbon. To identify the minimal components to confer on E. coli the capability of growing on pectin, di- and / or tri-galacturonates as a sole source of carbon, an E. coli strain BL21(DE3) harboring both the pBBRGal3P plasmid and the pTrcogl-kdgR plasmid was engineered and tested for the ability to grown on these polysaccharides.

[0413]The pBBRGal3P plasmid was engineered to contain certain genomic region of Erwinia carotovora subsp. Atroseptica SCRI 1043, comprising several genes (kdgF, kduI, kduD, pelW, togM, togN, toga, togB, kdgM, and paeX) encoding certain enzymes (kduI, kduD, ogl, pelW and paeX), transporters (togM, togN, togA, togB, and kdgM), and regulatory proteins (kdgR) responsible for the degradation of di- and trigalacturonate. SEQ ID NO:65 shows the nucleotide sequence of the kdgF-PaeX region from Erwin...

example 3

In Vitro Conversion of Alginate to Pyruvate and Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate

[0424]The ability of an enzyme mixture containing all required enzymes for alginate degradation and metabolism was investigated for its ability to produce pyruvate from alginate. In addition, various novel alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs), such as ADH1-12 (see SEQ ID NOS:69-92), isolated from Agrobacterium tumefaciens, were tested for their ability to catalyze either DEHU or mannuronate hydrogenation.

[0425]A simplified metabolic pathway for alginate degradation and metabolism is shown in FIG. 2. Alginate can be degraded by at least two different methodologies: enzymatic and chemical methodologies.

[0426]In enzymatic degradation, the degradation of alginate is catalyzed by a family of enzymes called alginate lyases. For this experiment, Atu3025 was used. Atu3025 is an exolytically acting enzyme and yields DEHU from alginate polymer. DEHU is converted to the common hexuronate metabolite, KDG. This reaction is cataly...

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Abstract

Methods, enzymes, recombinant microorganism, and microbial systems are provided for converting polysaccharides, such as those derived from biomass, into suitable monosaccharides or oligosaccharides, as well as for converting suitable monosaccharides or oligosaccharides into commodity chemicals, such as biofuels. Commodity chemicals produced by the methods described herein are also provided. Commodity chemical enriched refinery-produced petroleum products are also provided, as well as methods for producing the same.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION[0001]This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60 / 977,628 filed Oct. 4, 2007, which application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.STATEMENT REGARDING SEQUENCE LISTING[0002]The Sequence Listing associated with this application is provided in text format in lieu of a paper copy, and is hereby incorporated by reference into the specification. The name of the text file containing the Sequence Listing is 150097—40102_SEQUENCE_LISTING.txt. The text file is 519 KB, was created on Oct. 3, 2008, and is being submitted electronically via EFS-Web.TECHNICAL FIELD[0003]The present application relates generally to the use of microbial and chemical systems to convert biomass to commodity chemicals, such as biofuels / biopetrols.BACKGROUND[0004]Petroleum is facing declining global reserves and contributes to more than 30% of greenhouse gas emissions driving global warming. Annually 80...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C12P7/04C12N1/21C12N1/15C12N1/19
CPCC12P5/02C12P5/026C12P7/02C12P7/04C12P7/06C12P7/16C12N15/70C12P7/22C12P7/26C12P7/38C12P17/10Y02E50/17Y02E50/10C12P7/18Y02T50/678
Inventor KASHIYAMA, YUKIYOSHIKUNI, YASUOBAKER, DAVIDSIEGEL, JUSTIN B.
Owner BIO ARCHITECTURE LAB
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