Rapid low-temperature starting method for proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid low-temperature starting method for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and the starting method comprises the steps: starting a cold starting circulation loop at low temperature, and judging whether to start an electric heater according to the temperature of the fuel cell; when the stack temperature is higher than a set self-starting temperature lower limit, the circulating water pump operates at a first rotating speed, and meanwhile, the fuel cell is started according to a set loading program; when the stack temperature is lower than the set self-starting temperature lower limit, controlling the secondary battery to supply power to the electric heater and the circulating water pump to run at a second rotating speed, and when the fuel cell temperature reaches the set temperature, closing the electric heater, adjusting the circulating water pump to run at the first rotating speed and starting at a set loading program. According to the method, self-starting and auxiliary starting of the fuel cell are combined, and low-energy-consumption, rapid and safe starting of the fuel cell in various low-temperature environments can be guaranteed.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell systems, in particular to a rapid low-temperature startup method for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Background technique [0002] Electric vehicles based on lithium batteries and fuel cell vehicles based on proton exchange membrane fuel cells are two types of new energy vehicles that are currently receiving more attention. At present, electric vehicles have been commercialized and are mainly used in light vehicles for short-distance driving (<300km); while fuel cells have not been commercialized, but compared with lithium batteries, they have higher energy density and shorter hydrogenation time , so it is more suitable for commercial vehicles for heavy-duty, long-distance (>500km) transportation. At present, besides the cost, service life and infrastructure construction, the main obstacles restricting the commercial application of fuel cell vehicles, some key technologies are also ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This invention increases the overpotential during start-up to increase heat production, but the disadvantage is that the compressor needs to be started and stopped frequently

Chinese patent CN111740132A discloses a low-temperature start-up method for fuel cells. By controlling the discharge current multiple times, the waste heat of the stack can be utilized to the maximum under the condition that no reverse polarity occurs on a single chip. Fast start-up speed cannot be obtained, and the water generated during the start-up process is easy to freeze

Chinese patent CN108832158A discloses a method of passing a mixture of hydrogen and air into the stack, which has great potential safety hazards

Chinese patents CN210296511U, CN210926166U and CN111987336A disclose the start-up method of using electric heater to heat the coolant and reaction gas to heat the electric stack, but due to the large amount of coolant in the conventional cooling circuit, the low heat capacity and heat transfer coefficient of the gas lead to low heating efficiency

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