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Polyimide aerogel fiber as well as preparation method and application thereof

An airgel fiber and polyimide technology, which is applied in fiber treatment, fiber chemical characteristics, wet spinning, etc., can solve the problems of continuous preparation and poor mechanical properties of polyimide airgel fiber

Active Publication Date: 2021-09-07
DONGHUA UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a polyimide airgel fiber with simple operation, low cost, environmental protection, heat insulation and its preparation method and application, to overcome the polyimide airgel fiber in the prior art. Problems with poor mechanical properties and inability to produce continuously

Method used

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  • Polyimide aerogel fiber as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Polyimide aerogel fiber as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Polyimide aerogel fiber as well as preparation method and application thereof

Examples

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preparation example Construction

[0036] The invention provides a kind of preparation method of polyimide airgel fiber, and this method comprises the following steps:

[0037] 1) disperse water-soluble polyamic acid and triethylamine in water, and obtain polyamic acid hydrogel spinning solution after sol-gel;

[0038] 2) extruding and spinning the polyamic acid hydrogel spinning solution into a water / alcohol / acid mixed coagulation bath for solvent replacement to obtain polyamic acid hydrogel fibers with a skin-core structure;

[0039] 3) After the polyamic acid hydrogel fiber is drawn, it is sent into a low-temperature tank to form an ice template, and after collection, it is sequentially freeze-dried and thermally imidized to obtain a polyimide airgel fiber with a skin-core structure. The fiber can be used in thermal insulation materials.

[0040]In step 1), the preparation process of water-soluble polyamic acid is: dissolving the diamine monomer and the dibasic anhydride monomer in a polar solvent, then pol...

Embodiment 1

[0044] A device for preparing polyimide airgel fibers such as figure 1 As shown, it includes fiber extrusion unit, coagulation unit, drafting unit, freezing unit and collection unit.

[0045] The fiber extrusion unit includes a syringe pump 1 and a syringe 2, the syringe 2 is installed on the syringe pump 1, and the speed of extruding the spinning solution is controlled by the syringe pump 1. The syringe pump 1 squeezes the piston of the syringe 2 to control the extrusion of the spinning solution. The syringe 2 is a syringe with a volume of 20ml, and the flow rate of the syringe pump 1 to squeeze the piston is selected to be 0.1ml / min.

[0046] The coagulation unit includes a coagulation tank 3 and a coagulation bath. Solidification tank 3 can select glass tank or polytetrafluoroethylene tank for use. The coagulation bath is a mixed solution of water, ethanol, and hydrochloric acid, and the volume ratio is 5:5:0.3.

[0047] The drafting unit includes four drafting wheels, t...

Embodiment 2

[0054] The difference from Example 1 is that the volume ratio of water, ethanol, and hydrochloric acid in the coagulation bath is 5:5:0.2, and the obtained polyimide airgel fiber is designated as PI-1.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a polyimide aerogel fiber and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of 1) dispersing water-soluble polyamide acid and triethylamine in water, and performing sol-gel treatment to obtain a polyamide acid hydrogel spinning solution; 2) extruding and spinning the polyamide acid hydrogel spinning solution into a water / alcohol / acid mixed coagulating bath for solvent replacement to obtain a polyamide acid hydrogel fiber with a skin-core structure; and 3) drafting the polyamide acid hydrogel fiber, feeding the drafted polyamide acid hydrogel fiber into a low-temperature tank to form an ice template, collecting the ice template, and sequentially performing freeze drying and thermal imidization to obtain the polyimide aerogel fiber with the skin-core structure. Compared with the prior art, the prepared polyimide aerogel fiber is high in porosity (larger than 90%) and resistant to low temperature, the preparation process is environmentally friendly, simple and easy to operate, the high-strength polyimide aerogel fiber can be continuously prepared, and the prepared fiber can be applied to heat preservation and insulation clothing materials in the extreme environment.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of airgel preparation, and relates to a polyimide airgel fiber and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] Airgel is a highly dispersed solid material in which colloidal particles or polymer molecules aggregate to form a porous network structure, and the pores are filled with a gaseous dispersion medium. Due to its excellent and unique properties such as ultra-low density, high porosity, low thermal conductivity, and high specific surface area, airgel is widely used in fields such as heat insulation, sound insulation, electrochemistry, electromagnetic shielding, and environmental purification. "One of the top ten materials with the most potential in the future". At present, there are various types of aerogels, mainly divided into inorganic aerogels, organic aerogels and organic / inorganic hybrid aerogels. [0003] Compared with inorganic aerogels, organic aerogels, especi...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): D01F8/16D01F6/74D01D5/06D01D5/34D01D5/16D01D10/06D01D10/02
CPCD01F8/16D01F6/74D01D5/06D01D5/34D01D5/16D01D10/06D01D10/02
Inventor 樊玮薛甜甜刘天西朱晨宇
Owner DONGHUA UNIV
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