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New crystal form NTO single-compound explosive and preparation method thereof

A technology of elemental explosive and crystal form control agent, which is applied to single substance as explosives, explosives processing equipment, explosives, etc., can solve the problem of affecting the life and use effect of weapons and equipment, unfavorable mixed preparation and use of explosives, and restricting the wide application of NTO, etc. problems, to achieve the effects of small mechanical sensitivity, low production cost and mild experimental conditions

Active Publication Date: 2021-09-03
BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although α-NTO has a higher density (1.906g / cm 3 , 293K), but its crystal is long rod-shaped, and it is easy to form twins, resulting in many crystal defects, which is not conducive to the mixed preparation and use of explosives
At the same time, when α-NTO exists in the water environment (electrolyte environment), it will show strong acidity (pKa=3.76), which will cause acid corrosion to weapons and equipment during storage, transportation or use, which is serious Affect the life and use effect of weapons and equipment, restricting the wide application of NTO

Method used

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  • New crystal form NTO single-compound explosive and preparation method thereof
  • New crystal form NTO single-compound explosive and preparation method thereof
  • New crystal form NTO single-compound explosive and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0027] Add 50 mL of anhydrous methanol into the three-necked flask, then add 0.56 g of NTO and 0.04 g of ATO, connect the flask to a condensation reflux device, and raise the temperature to 60 ° C under constant stirring to completely dissolve NTO and ATO. °C / min, the temperature was lowered slowly, and white crystals gradually precipitated at the bottom of the flask. After cooling down to 20 °C, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain γ-NTO crystals.

[0028] The structure of γ-NTO was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffractometer, and its crystal structure and unit cell structure are as follows: figure 1 shown. The molecular formula of γ-NTO is C 2 h 2 N 4 o 3 , belongs to monoclinic crystal system, Pc space group, density is 1.907g / cm 3 (293K). Its unit cell parameters are: α=90°, β=98.420(3)°, γ=90°; Z=8. Its single crystal structure data is as follows:

[0029]

[0030]

Embodiment 2

[0032] Add 100mL of anhydrous methanol into the three-necked flask, then add 1.12g of NTO and 0.15g of ATO, connect the flask to a condensation reflux device, raise the temperature to 60°C under constant stirring, to completely dissolve NTO and ATO, and keep warm for 2 hours at 2°C Slowly lower the temperature per minute, and white crystals gradually precipitate at the bottom of the flask. After cooling down to 20°C, filter, wash, and dry to obtain γ-NTO crystals. The thermal decomposition temperature of the γ-NTO explosive is 277.59°C, which is higher than that of α-NTO (275.31°C), indicating that the formation of γ-NTO has improved the thermal stability of NTO. The characteristic drop height value of the impact sensitivity of the γ-NTO explosive is 300cm (2.5kg drop weight), which is higher than that of α-NTO (280cm), indicating that the formation of γ-NTO has reduced the impact sensitivity of NTO and improved the impact sensitivity of NTO. security.

Embodiment 3

[0034] Add 50mL of anhydrous methanol into the three-neck flask, then add 0.56gNTO and 0.32gATO, connect the flask to a condensation reflux device, raise the temperature to 60°C under constant stirring, so that NTO and ATO are completely dissolved, and keep warm for 0.5 hours at 1°C Slowly lower the temperature per minute, and white crystals gradually precipitate at the bottom of the flask. After cooling down to 20°C, filter, wash, and dry to obtain γ-NTO crystals. The acidic dissociation constant pKa value of the γ-NTO explosive was measured to be 4.95, which is higher than that of α-NTO (pKa=3.76), which may be due to the 4-position of the NTO triazole ring in the γ-NTO unit cell structure. H forms stronger hydrogen bonds, which makes the dissociation of hydrogen difficult, thus reducing the acidity of NTO.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a novel crystal form NTO single-compound explosive and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of energetic materials. According to the preparation method, NTO is taken as a raw material, and a NTO single-compound explosive with a gamma crystal form is prepared by adopting a heating and cooling method. The method comprises the following steps: adding NTO and a crystal form control agent into a solvent at room temperature, heating to completely dissolve the NTO and the crystal form control agent, slowly cooling to separate out white crystals, and filtering, washing and drying to obtain gamma-NTO crystals. According to the invention, the morphology of the gamma-NTO crystal prepared by the method is closer to a sphere, and the preparation of the composite explosive and the implementation of the safety are more facilitated; the thermal stability of gamma-NTO is higher than that of alpha-NTO, and the mechanical sensitivity and acidity of gamma-NTO are both lower than those of alpha-NTO; the preparation process is simple, the experiment condition is mild, and the production cost is low; and as a high-energy low-sensitivity explosive, the novel crystal form NTO single-compound explosive has a good application prospect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a new crystal type NTO elemental explosive and a preparation method thereof, in particular to the preparation method of the new crystal type NTO elemental explosive, and belongs to the field of energetic materials. Background technique [0002] At this stage, the development mode of weapon equipment and warfare mode is gradually developing in the direction of precision and unmanned, which strengthens the requirements for the use of insensitive ammunition from the perspective of improving the security of weapon platforms. And whether ammunition is insensitive, the key depends on whether the explosive in its warhead is insensitive. Therefore, the research and application of insensitive explosives with superior safety performance has become the most important thing in the development of insensitive ammunition. 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), as a high-energy and low-sensitivity energetic material, has a detonation velocity of ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C06B21/00C06B49/00
CPCC06B21/00C06B49/00
Inventor 束庆海王子锋王俊峰王满曼金韶华尚凤琴阮健郁锐杜君宜束红年
Owner BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYGY
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