Preparation method of atom self-doped porous material

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of catalysis and new energy material preparation, and provides a preparation method of an atom self-doped porous material in order to solve the problems that dead holes and closed holes in a porous material prepared through a traditional method are not communicated smoothly, the active sites and the surface utilization rate are low, and rapid diffusionand transmission, rapid reaction and timely separation of guest molecules are inconvenient. The method comprises: soaking a precursor with a freezing expansion liquid, sealing, packaging, and freezing, wherein the volume of the precursor expands to crack the hole wall; drying to remove water, soaking with a filler solution, and drying to obtain a filled precursor; and carrying out heating treatment in an inert atmosphere, washing to remove the filler, and drying to obtain the atom self-doped porous material. According to the invention, heteroatoms contained in the porous material are retainedto realize autonomous doping, so that the porous material with spongy pore systems, high active site yield and high surface utilization rate is obtained; and the raw materials are wide, the process issimple, the green and environment-friendly effects are realized, the cost is low, the yield is high, the obtained material is mainly composed of micropores and mesopores, and the coupling mass transfer and reaction of guest molecules are convenient.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of catalysis and new energy materials, and in particular relates to a preparation method of a self-doped atom porous material. Background technique [0002] Porous materials have large specific surface area and pore volume, adjustable pore size and surface functional groups. Among them, carbon materials have broad application prospects in the fields of catalysis, gas adsorption, lithium-ion batteries, and electrochemical energy storage. Hard templates and soft templates are mainly used. The template method is the method of carbonizing the organic precursor and removing the template. In recent years, carbon materials have also been prepared by pyrolysis of different biomass. [0003] Available technologies include: (1) Porous materials synthesized with resins as precursors. Related patent applications include melamine resin (2018102621620), phenolic resin (2013107478109, 2019101092889), ion exc...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] There are many dead and closed pores in the materials obtained by the above technology, which cannot be effectively used by guest molecules, reducing the mass transfer efficiency of the entire pore system, and it is difficult to meet the current application requirements of coupled mass transfer and engineering enhancement.

How to open up these low-utilization channels, improve their connectivity with the pore system, and optimize the entire pore system still faces many challenges in this technology

[0005] The above-mentioned technologies generally require the introduction of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, etc. as activators to be directly activated at high temperature. It is difficult to get through the dead and closed cells, and there is no effective support in the pore system. The pore walls are still dead after being greatly shrunk by heat. and closed pores, the precursor's own pore system shrinks or even fails; at the same time, the activator etches the precursor to create new channels. This process essentially weakens the pore wall and aggravates the shrinkage of its own pore system. reduced yield

Although the specific surface area can reach 3000 m 2 / g, but the connectivity of the pores is poor and the utilization rate is still low. Judging from the actual application effect, the relevant application performance does not increase proportionally with the increase of the specific surface area, and some performances even do not increase but decrease.

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