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Novel continuous process for preparing acetonitrile

A new process, acetonitrile technology, is applied in ammonia-carboxylic acid reaction preparation, organic chemistry, carboxylic acid nitrile purification/separation, etc. It can solve the problems of harsh process conditions, low acetonitrile yield, troublesome production, etc., and achieve low overall cost , Reduce equipment investment and increase production capacity

Pending Publication Date: 2020-04-17
NANTONG ACETIC ACID CHEM +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The process of this method is complex, and the production process is often accompanied by one or more by-products of carbon dioxide, hydrogen cyanide or other substances, which brings a lot of trouble to the production
[0007] (2) Acetylene or ethanol ammonification method: use acetylene or ethanol and ammonia as raw materials to synthesize acetonitrile under the action of a catalyst. The reaction product of this method is accompanied by hydrogen generation, which brings many safety hazards to production
[0008] (3) carbon monoxide ammonification method: with carbon monoxide, ammonia and hydrogen as raw materials, acetonitrile is obtained by molybdenum and iron catalysts at high temperatures; although this method is easy to get raw materials and cheap, it is a set of clean production technology, but The process conditions are harsh, the yield of acetonitrile is low, and there is no industrialization report yet

Method used

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  • Novel continuous process for preparing acetonitrile
  • Novel continuous process for preparing acetonitrile

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Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0043] Embodiment 1: a kind of continuous process for preparing acetonitrile:

[0044] (1) Reaction process

[0045] Preheat the liquid ammonia to 150-200°C, preheat the acetic acid or the mixed solution with recovered acid to 200-250°C, the two gases enter the top of the fixed-bed reactor to mix, and pass through the distributor through the fixed-bed reactor with catalyst for reaction Reactor: The two materials are ammonified at 360-365°C under the action of a catalyst, the top pressure of the fixed-bed reactor is 5Kpa-25Kpa, the molar ratio of acetic acid to ammonia in the mixed solution is 1:1.2, and the catalyst load is 0.3t / (m 3 *h), reaction residence time: 7s.

[0046] (2) Separation process

[0047] The separation tower is divided into upper and lower sections, the lower section is the spray absorption section, the upper section is the rectification section, and the tower kettle is the absorption liquid, which enters through the top of the spray absorption section th...

Embodiment 2

[0051] Embodiment 2: a kind of continuous process for preparing acetonitrile:

[0052] (1) Reaction process

[0053] Preheat the liquid ammonia to 200-300°C, preheat the acetic acid or the mixed solution with the recovered acid to 250-300°C, the two gases enter the top of the fixed-bed reactor to mix, and pass through the distributor to react through the fixed-bed with catalyst Reactor: The two materials are ammonified at 450°C under the action of a catalyst, the top pressure of the fixed bed reactor is 20Kpa-25Kpa, the molar ratio of acetic acid to ammonia in the mixed solution is 1:0.9, and the catalyst load is 2t / (m 3 *h), reaction residence time: 4s.

[0054] (2) Separation process

[0055] The separation tower is divided into upper and lower sections, the lower section is the spray absorption section, the upper section is the rectification section, and the tower kettle is the absorption liquid, which enters through the top of the spray absorption section through the ext...

Embodiment 3

[0059] Embodiment 3: a kind of continuous process for preparing acetonitrile:

[0060] (1) Reaction process

[0061] Preheat the liquid ammonia to 150-200°C, preheat the acetic acid or the mixed solution with recovered acid to 200-250°C, the two gases enter the top of the fixed-bed reactor to mix, and pass through the distributor through the fixed-bed reactor with catalyst for reaction Reactor: The two materials are ammonified at 400°C under the action of a catalyst, the top pressure of the fixed bed reactor is 10Kpa-15Kpa, the molar ratio of acetic acid to ammonia in the mixed solution is 1:0.2, and the catalyst load is 1t / (m 3 *h), reaction residence time: 7s.

[0062] (2) Separation process

[0063] The separation tower is divided into upper and lower sections, the lower section is the spray absorption section, the upper section is the rectification section, and the tower kettle is the absorption liquid, which enters through the top of the spray absorption section through...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering, and relates to a novel process for preparing acetonitrile by ammoniation of acetic acid. The method comprises the following steps:performing an ammoniation reaction on acetic acid, recycled acid and ammonia under the catalysis of a solid acid catalyst, performing acetic acid absorption and ammonia removal processes on high-temperature reaction gas after the reaction, performing a rectification process by taking gas-phase high temperature as a heat source, obtaining crude acetonitrile with the water content of 30% at the tower top, and refining the crude acetonitrile to obtain the finished product acetonitrile; and recovering acetonitrile tailings from a tower bottom liquid through atmospheric distillation, dehydrating with a dehydrating agent, and recycling the bottom liquid to the ammoniation reaction. The process is simple to operate, acetic acid is used for absorbing excessive ammonia, the bottom liquid is recycled, and the cost is reduced and the efficiency is improved; and the high-temperature gas-phase heat source is used for rectification, so that the energy consumption is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of chemical industry, and in particular relates to a new continuous process for preparing acetonitrile. Background technique [0002] Acetonitrile, English name: Acetonitrile; alias: acetonitrile; methyl cyanide; cyanide; methyl nitrile; ethanenitrile; chromatography acetonitrile; water acetonitrile; ;48484;ACY1L;NA1648;C18orf14;CCDC102B;Molecular formula: C 2 h 3 N; molecular weight: 41.05; appearance: colorless liquid with pungent odor; melting point: -45°C; boiling point: 81-82°C; water solubility: miscible with water, soluble in most organic solvents such as ethanol and ether. [0003] Function and use: In the petroleum industry, it is used as a solvent for removing tar, phenol and other substances from petroleum hydrocarbons; in the oil industry, it is used as a solvent for extracting fatty acids from animal and vegetable oils; in medicine, it is used for the regeneration of steroid drugs Crystallization react...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C07C253/22C07C253/34C07C255/03
CPCC07C253/22C07C253/34C07C255/03
Inventor 庆九俞新南朱小刚刘芳
Owner NANTONG ACETIC ACID CHEM
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