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Method of recycling valuable elements from waste lithium ion battery

A lithium-ion battery and valuable element technology, which is applied in the field of recycling and electronic waste recycling, can solve the problems of complex separation process of positive electrode active material and current collector, low recovery rate of valuable element lithium, and restrictions on economic clean recycling. , to achieve the effects of optimizing the acid leaching process, facilitating separation and recovery, and optimizing the production environment

Pending Publication Date: 2019-10-08
TSINGHUA UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In addition, during the carbothermal reduction process, Li mainly forms as slightly soluble Li 2 CO 3 form, if you want to extract it separately, you need to use pressurized CO 2 Gas can only be achieved, complicating the extraction process
[0007] All in all, the current recycling of valuable elements in the positive electrode materials of waste lithium-ion batteries has a complex separation process between the positive electrode active material and the current collector, the low recovery rate of the valuable element lithium and the complicated recovery process, and the leaching process requires a large amount of reducing agent or carbon. The thermal reduction process has problems such as high temperature, high energy consumption, and toxic and harmful gas emissions, which restrict the economical and clean recovery of valuable elements in positive electrode materials.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0053] The scrapped lithium-ion battery packs from new energy vehicles were immersed and discharged in NaCl brine for 24 hours, then mechanically sheared in an inert environment, and positive and negative electrodes were obtained by sorting. Will be disassembled to get LiNi x co y mn 1-x-y o 2 The positive electrode piece was cut into fragments with a size of about 2×2 cm, and the positive electrode fragment was placed in a vibration mill for 4 minutes to vibrate and grind to obtain a positive electrode material powder. The mass percentages of each element in the powder are as follows: Li 6.47%, Ni 16.94% , Co 16.53, Mn13.14%, Al 13.28%, C 3.91%. After uniformly mixing the positive electrode material powder and sodium hydroxide at a mass ratio of 10:1, place it in an electric furnace under the protection of argon to raise the temperature to 450°C at a rate of 8°C per minute, and keep it for 60 minutes to obtain a thermal reaction product. The thermal reaction product is ad...

Embodiment 2

[0055] After immersing and discharging waste batteries of mobile phones in NaOH aqueous solution for 32 hours, they were manually disassembled in a glove box to obtain positive and negative electrodes. The resulting LiNi x co y mn 1-x-y o 2 The positive electrode piece was cut into fragments with a size of about 1×4 cm, and the positive electrode fragment was placed in a vibration mill for 3.5 minutes to vibrate and grind to obtain a positive electrode material powder. The mass percentages of each element in the powder are as follows: Li 7.01%, Ni 15.32% , Co 15.23, Mn15.14%, Al 10.57%, C 4.91%. Put the positive electrode material powder in an electric furnace and raise the temperature to 460° C. at a rate of 5° C. per minute under the protection of argon, and keep the temperature for 180 minutes to obtain a thermal reaction product. The thermal reaction product was added to 3.5mol / L KOH at 85°C, and leached for 1.5 hours. The leaching rate of aluminum was 100%, and the le...

Embodiment 3

[0057] LiCoO obtained from dismantling waste mobile phone batteries 2 The leftovers of the positive pole piece, cut the pole piece into fragments with a size of about 0.5×5.0 cm, and place the positive pole fragments in a vibrating mill for 4.5 minutes to vibrate and grind to obtain a positive electrode material powder. The mass percentage of each element in the powder is as follows: Li 7.01%, Co 45.23, Al 10.91%, C 5.83%. After uniformly mixing the positive electrode material powder and potassium hydroxide at a mass ratio of 20:1, place it in an electric furnace under the protection of argon to raise the temperature to 420°C at a rate of 10°C per minute, and keep it for 120 minutes to obtain a thermal reaction product. The heat reaction product is added into water at 95 DEG C, and leached for 1.5 hours, the leaching rate of aluminum reaches 100%, and the leaching rate of lithium is greater than 98.0%, and the solution containing lithium and aluminum and alkali leaching residu...

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electronic waste recycling treatment and resource utilization, and particularly relates to a method of recycling valuable elements from a waste lithiumion battery. The method performs discharge dismantling on the battery in advance and recycles a positive electrode piece and a negative electrode piece. The positive electrode piece recycling processcomprises steps of crushing, reacting, separating, recycling and the like. The negative electrode piece recycling process comprises steps of heat treatment, vibration, and the like. The positive electrode material and the negative electrode material of the waste lithium ion battery can be realized, the material has wide applicability, reduction of transition metal elements and conversion of lithium are simultaneously completed without additional addition of a reducing agent, subsequent separation and recycling are facilitated, the separation process of a positive active material and a currentcollector is also avoided, and the valuable element recycling process is greatly simplified.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electronic waste recycling and recycling, in particular to a method for recycling valuable elements from waste lithium-ion batteries. Background technique [0002] Since the 1990s, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in various portable electronic products, such as digital cameras, notebook computers, etc. In recent years, as people's demand for environmental protection has increased year by year, my country has begun to promote a large number of new energy vehicles, and lithium-ion batteries, as the power source of new energy vehicles, have seen explosive growth in their applications. But whether it is a small lithium-ion battery in portable electronic products or a power battery in a new energy vehicle, its life is limited. Commercial lithium-ion batteries typically have less than 1,000 cycles. Therefore, the large-scale application of lithium-ion batteries also means the generation of a large...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/54C01B32/205C22B7/00C22B15/00C22B26/12C22B23/00C22B47/00
CPCH01M10/54C22B7/001C22B15/0004C22B26/12C22B23/00C01B32/205C22B47/00Y02W30/84Y02P10/20
Inventor 徐盛明王文强
Owner TSINGHUA UNIV
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