Method for recycling lithium in waste lithium-ion batteries with reduction roasting-water quenching method

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for recycling lithium in waste lithium-ion batteries with a reduction roasting-water quenching method, and belongs to the technical field of waste battery recovery. The method includes the following steps that the waste lithium-ion batteries are subjected to mechanical crushing and screening after being discharged so that positive electrode waste powder can be obtained; the positive electrode waste powder and a reducing agent are evenly mixed to obtain a mixture; the mixture is subjected to reduction roasting; and the mixture subjected to reduction roasting isthrown into water quickly for water quenching, lithium in the mixture enters the water to obtain a lithium-rich solution, and the recovery rate of the lithium in the waste lithium-ion batteries is 92%-98%. By adoption of the method, the lithium in the waste lithium-ion batteries can be efficiently and selectively separated, the technological process is simple, operation is convenient, and the problems that prior technological processes are complex, and investment cost and recovery cost are high are solved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of recycling waste batteries, and in particular relates to a method for recovering lithium in waste lithium-ion batteries by a reduction roasting-water quenching method. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion batteries have rapidly occupied the power source market of portable electronic and electrical equipment since their commercialization due to their significant advantages such as high voltage, large specific capacity, long life and no memory effect. Since 2010, the new energy automobile industry has grown rapidly, and the output of lithium-ion power batteries has increased year by year. The service life of power lithium-ion batteries is 5-8 years, and about 15% of the total power batteries are scrapped every year. According to relevant industry data, by 2020, the amount of scrapped power lithium-ion batteries in my country will reach about 500,000 tons; by 2023, the scrapped amount will reach about 1...

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Problems solved by technology

(1) Patent CN 201611186511.2 added chlorine-containing polymer auxiliary materials, such as polyvinyl chloride and polypropylene, etc. in the process of recovering lithium, and then carried out ball mill mixing, which made the process complicated

(2) Patent CN201711355295.4 uses sulfuric acid solution to impregnate the roasted electrode material to obtain acid leaching solution, extract and separate Li from the leaching solution with PC-88A, add carbonate to the extracted water phase, filter and separate to obtain Li 2 CO 3 product, this method has a complex process and a long cycle

(3) Patent CN201810265725.1 first adds an oxidizing agent to the positive electrode material of the waste lithium-ion battery for oxidation reaction, converts lithium into a water-soluble lithium salt through an auxiliary agent, and then leaches the obtained water-soluble lithium salt in water or an acidic solution, Lithium-rich solution and leaching residue are obtained after filtration. This method needs to add additives such as sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and ammonium sulfate. At the same time, it needs to be leached in an acid solution. The process is complicated and the cost is increased.

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