Smelting method for comprehensively recovering rare earth and fluorine from bastnaesite

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for comprehensively recovering rare earth and fluorine from bastnaesite, and relates to the technical field of smelting separation of bastnaesite. The method for comprehensively recovering rare earth and fluorine from bastnaesite comprises the steps that vapor is guided into bastnaesite for roasting, so that roasted ore and fluorine-containing gas are obtained; theroasted ore is dissolved for the first time with hydrochloric acid, so that first leaching residues and a first leaching solution containing rare-earth chloride are obtained, wherein the first leaching solution is a rare earth solution; an extraction agent is saponified with a calcium-containing iron agent, the rare earth solution is saponified with the saponified extraction agent, and calcium-containing extraction waste water is discharged; afterwards, the rare earth solution is reversely extracted in hydrochloric acid, so that a rare earth chloride solution is obtained; the calcium-containing extraction waste water reacts with the fluorine-containing gas to prepare a calcium fluoride product; and the rare earth chloride solution is deposited with sodium carbonate to obtain rare earth carbonate, and the rare earth carbonate is calcined at a high temperature to obtain rare earth oxide. According to the method for comprehensively recovering rare earth and fluorine from bastnaesite, thesteps are simple, the hydrochloric acid leaching rate of the bastnaesite is increased; and meanwhile, the resources are efficiently recovered and utilized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of smelting and separation of bastnaesite, in particular to a smelting method for comprehensively recovering rare earth and fluorine from bastnaesite. Background technique [0002] Bastnaesite is the main mineral in the global rare earth industry. Representative mines include the Mountain Pass Rare Earth Mine in the United States, the Maoniuping Mine in Sichuan, the Baiyun Obo Mixed Rare Earth Mine in Baotou and the Weishan Lake Rare Earth Mine in Shandong. Baotou rare earth mine is a mixed type rare earth mine, in which bastnaesite: monazite is roughly 3:1. Sichuan bastnaesite and Shandong Weishanhu mine belong to bastnaesite of a single type of rare earth mineral, containing rare earth elements lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, and gadolinium. The REO of these two types of rare earth ores is 50% About (calculated as rare earth oxides), fluorine is about 6%. [0003] In the e...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] (3) Industrial energy consumption is high, and water washing after alkali conversion needs to be heated with electricity or boiler steam, and the waste water after washing is directly discharged, and a large amount of heat has not been recycled

[0007] (4) The recovery and utilization value of fluorine resources is low. Originally, the fluorine-containing waste liquid of the alkali-transformed wastewater was used to react with the extracted and separated calcium chloride wastewater. The grade is about 80%, which cannot meet the sales requirements and needs to be further improved

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