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Imidazolium-based ionic liquid and preparation method and application thereof

An ionic liquid and imidazole technology, applied in the preparation of sulfonic acid amides, electrochemical generators, electrical components, etc., can solve the problems of inability to form a protective film, incapable of cathodic and anodic polarization, and high viscosity of ionic liquids. Excellent electrochemical performance, improved cyclability, good electrochemical stability effect

Pending Publication Date: 2018-09-28
HEBEI UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, the most studied ionic liquid electrolytes are imidazoles, and most of the substituents are on the N-position of the imidazole ring, but the proton on the 2-position carbon of the imidazole ring is easily reduced, and the reduction potential is (1Vvs.Li / Li + ), no protective film layer can be formed on the surface of metal lithium, and reversible cathodic and anodic polarization cannot be performed.
In addition, the viscosity of ionic liquids is generally high, which restricts their application in lithium-ion battery electrolytes.

Method used

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  • Imidazolium-based ionic liquid and preparation method and application thereof
  • Imidazolium-based ionic liquid and preparation method and application thereof
  • Imidazolium-based ionic liquid and preparation method and application thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0053] In addition, this embodiment also provides a method for preparing an imidazole-based ionic liquid, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Step S110, under a protective gas atmosphere, according to the molar ratio of 2-methylimidazole and acetonitrile in the ratio of 1:1.1 to 1:1.3, stirring and reacting 2-methylimidazole and acetonitrile at 60-80°C, Obtain the 1-cyano-2-methylimidazole of following structural formula:

[0055]

[0056] Among them, n 1 as 2, 3 or 4.

[0057] The obtained product containing 1-cyano-2-methylimidazole was washed with diethyl ether for 2 to 3 times, and then vacuum-dried at 60° C. to obtain purified 1-cyano-2-methylimidazole.

[0058] In other preferred embodiments, the molar ratio of 2-methylimidazole to acetonitrile is 1:1.2.

[0059] Step S120, under a protective gas atmosphere, according to the molar ratio of 1-cyano-2-methylimidazole and halogenated alkenes in the range of 1:1.05 to 1:1.2, mix 1-cyano-2-methylimidazole with halo...

Embodiment 1

[0083] 1mol 2-methylimidazole, 1.2mol acrylonitrile and 150ml of anhydrous methanol were respectively added to a 250ml three-neck round bottom flask to obtain a mixture; under the protection of a nitrogen atmosphere, the above mixture was stirred and refluxed at 60°C for 14 hours to obtain Reactant; after the reaction is stopped, unreacted acrylonitrile and solvent are removed by rotary evaporation, and the treated reaction product is vacuum-dried at 60°C for 24 hours to obtain a yellow transparent liquid, which is 1-nitrile ethyl-2-methanol Kimidazole. The yield was 83%.

[0084] 0.75mol 1-cyanoethyl-2-methylimidazole and 0.83mol chloropropene were respectively added in a 250ml flask to obtain a mixture; under the protection of a nitrogen atmosphere, the above mixture was stirred and reacted at room temperature for 8 hours to obtain a reaction product; Washed three times with ether, and the reaction product washed with ether was vacuum-dried at 60°C for 24 hours to obtain a ...

Embodiment 2

[0090] 1mol 2-methylimidazole, 1.2mol acrylonitrile and 150ml of anhydrous methanol were respectively added to a 250ml three-neck round bottom flask to obtain a mixture; under the protection of a nitrogen atmosphere, the above mixture was stirred and refluxed at 60°C for 14 hours to obtain Reactant; after the reaction is stopped, unreacted acrylonitrile and solvent are removed by rotary evaporation, and the treated reaction product is vacuum-dried at 60°C for 24 hours to obtain a yellow transparent liquid, which is 1-nitrile ethyl-2-methanol Kimidazole. The yield was 83%.

[0091] 0.7mol 1-nitrile ethyl-2-methylimidazole and 0.77mol chloropropene were respectively added in a 250ml flask to obtain a mixture; under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere, the above mixture was stirred and reacted at room temperature for 10 hours to obtain a reaction product; Washed three times with ether, and the reaction product washed with ether was vacuum-dried at 60°C for 24 hours to obtain a...

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Abstract

The invention relates to an imidazolium-based ionic liquid and a preparation method and application thereof. The ionic liquid has a structural formula shown in the description, wherein n1 is 2 or 3 or4, n2 is 0 or 1, and Y- is BF4- or PF6- or TFSI- or N(CN)2- or (FSO2)2N-. By adopting triple substitution and introducing electron donating groups and electron withdrawing groups, the imidazolium-based ionic liquid has two different types of unsaturated bond structures of nitrile groups and alkenyl groups; in the preparation process, suitable parameters are selected to introduce nitrile groups. When serving as a lithium ion battery electrolyte, the imidazolium-based ionic liquid can improve the electrochemical window of the electrolyte; by applying the imidazolium-based ionic liquid to high-voltage lithium ion batteries with LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 as the positive electrode material, the safety and electrochemical properties of the lithium ion batteries can be improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ionic liquids, in particular to the preparation of an imidazole ionic liquid and its application in high-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolytes. Background technique [0002] Lithium-ion batteries have attracted extensive attention and in-depth research from various research institutions due to their advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life and no memory effect, making them develop rapidly and have been widely used in portable devices such as mobile communications and laptop computers. . In recent years, with the rapid development of electric vehicles, it has become an inevitable trend for lithium-ion batteries to be used as high-power power sources in electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles and other fields, which also makes lithium-ion batteries face unprecedented challenges-improving battery safety performance and energy density. [0003] Several major high-voltage cathode materi...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C07D233/64C07C303/40C07C311/48H01M10/0569
CPCC07D233/64H01M10/0569H01M2300/004Y02E60/10
Inventor 张文林霍宇赵勇琪兰晓燕史紫微孙腾飞李功伟李春利
Owner HEBEI UNIV OF TECH
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