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Method for comprehensively recovering aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks through ultrasonic-assisted floatation and pressure alkali leaching

A technology of waste cathode carbon block and pressurized alkali leaching, which is applied in the direction of solid waste removal, etc., can solve the problems of ineffective recovery of valuable substances, restricting process promotion, and long process cycle, and achieves low raw material prices and good economic benefits. , the effect of high purity

Active Publication Date: 2016-11-09
CENT SOUTH UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
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Problems solved by technology

[0013] At present, there are not many recovery and treatment processes for aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks suitable for industrial applications, and some disadvantages also restrict the further promotion of the process. These disadvantages mainly include long process cycle, serious equipment corrosion, valuable substances Ineffective recycling, high processing costs, high pressure on environmental protection, high energy consumption, etc.

Method used

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  • Method for comprehensively recovering aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks through ultrasonic-assisted floatation and pressure alkali leaching

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0049] Take 100g of waste cathode carbon blocks from an aluminum electrolytic cell in a domestic factory, and the main element contents are (wt%): C 70.9, Al8.23, O 7.55, F 5.38, Na 4.57.

[0050] The waste cathode carbon blocks are crushed and ground to -200 mesh, accounting for 90%, and mixed with water at a liquid-solid ratio of 2:1 for ultrasonic pretreatment. The ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, the ultrasonic treatment time is 20min, and the power is 200W.

[0051] The slurry after ultrasonic pretreatment is mixed with water at a mass concentration of 25% to form a slurry, which is roughed by a single-cell flotation machine. The flotation inhibitor is water glass, the dosage is 320g / t waste cathode; the collector is kerosene, the dosage is 400g / t waste cathode; the foaming agent is No. 2 oil, the dosage is 40g / t waste cathode. The flotation foam and underflow were washed with water, dried and weighed to obtain 77.23g and 22.61g of carbon residue and electrolyte residue res...

Embodiment 2

[0072] Take 300g of waste cathode carbon blocks from an aluminum electrolytic cell in a domestic factory, and the main element contents are (wt%): C 70.9, Al8.23, O 7.55, F 5.38, Na 4.57.

[0073] The waste cathode carbon blocks are crushed and ground to -200 mesh, accounting for 100%, and mixed with water at a liquid-solid ratio of 3:1 for ultrasonic pretreatment. The ultrasonic frequency is 40KHz, the ultrasonic treatment time is 5min, and the power is 600W.

[0074] The slurry after ultrasonic pretreatment is mixed with water at a mass concentration of 10% to form a slurry, which is roughed by a single-cell flotation machine. The flotation inhibitor is water glass, the dosage is 200g / t waste cathode; the collector is kerosene, the dosage is 600g / t waste cathode; the foaming agent is No. 2 oil, the dosage is 20g / t waste cathode. The flotation foam and underflow were washed with water, dried and weighed to obtain 227.07g and 66.73g of carbon residue and electrolyte residue re...

Embodiment 3

[0080] Take 1000g of waste cathode carbon blocks from an aluminum electrolytic cell in a domestic factory, and the main element contents are (wt%): C 70.9, Al8.23, O7.55, F 5.38, Na 4.57.

[0081] The waste cathode carbon blocks are crushed and ground to -200 mesh, accounting for 50%, and mixed with water at a liquid-solid ratio of 1:1 for ultrasonic pretreatment. The ultrasonic frequency is 25KHz, the ultrasonic treatment time is 40min, and the power is 400W.

[0082] The slurry after ultrasonic pretreatment is mixed with water at a mass concentration of 30% to form a slurry, which is roughed by a single-cell flotation machine. The flotation inhibitor is water glass, the dosage is 320g / t waste cathode; the collector is kerosene, the dosage is 200g / t waste cathode; the foaming agent is No. 2 oil, the dosage is 100g / t waste cathode. The flotation foam and underflow were washed with water, dried and weighed to obtain 765.93 g of carbon residue and 213.37 g of electrolyte residue...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for comprehensively recovering aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks through ultrasonic-assisted floatation and pressure alkali leaching, and belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of aluminum electrolysis solid waste resources. The method comprises the steps of carrying out ultrasonic pretreatment after crushing and grinding the aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks, carrying out floatation on pretreated powder to obtain electrolyte residues and carbon residues, and reusing the wastewater of floatation; removing carbon impurities after the electrolyte residues are subjected to microwave heating to obtain electrolyte powder with high purity, and carrying out pressure alkali leaching on the carbon residues to remove solvend so as to obtain carbon powder with high purity; adjusting the pH of alkali leaching filter liquor to generate sediment, carrying out filtration to obtain electrolyte, and reusing the filter liquor. According to the method, through collaborative assistance action among the ultrasonic pretreatment technology, the microwave heating technology and the pressure alkali leaching technology, the high-efficiency comprehensive recycling of aluminum electrolysis waste cathodes is achieved. The method for comprehensively recovering aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks through ultrasonic-assisted floatation and pressure alkali leaching is reasonable in technological design, high in recovery rate of valuable matter, purity of obtained products and processing speed, free of secondary pollutants and applicable to industrial large-scale application.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for comprehensively recovering aluminum electrolysis waste cathode carbon blocks through ultrasonic-assisted flotation and pressurized alkali leaching, and belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of aluminum electrolysis solid waste resources. Background technique [0002] With the continuous development of my country's aluminum electrolysis industry, the discharge of waste cathode carbon blocks as its main solid waste is also increasing year by year. Data show that for every 1t of electrolytic aluminum produced, about 10kg of waste cathode carbon blocks will be produced. Based on this calculation, my country produced more than 300,000 tons of waste cathode carbon blocks for aluminum electrolysis in 2015 alone. [0003] Aluminum smelter spent cathode carbon blocks are a useful resource rich in carbon and electrolyte. Stockpiling or landfilling not only cannot fundamentally eliminate the toxicity a...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B09B3/00C25C3/12
CPCB09B3/00C25C3/125
Inventor 肖劲袁杰田忠良杨凯仲奇凡黄金堤余柏烈赖延清李劼
Owner CENT SOUTH UNIV
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