Dust filtering device used for 3D printing of selective laser melting and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to a dust filtering device used for 3D printing of selective laser melting and a use method. All parts of the filtering device are integrated in a gas purification box; a liquid filtering medium layer, a rough filtering medium layer, a fine filtering medium layer and a dryer layer which are spaced by porous partitions are arranged in the gas purification box in sequence from bottom to top; a gas suction pipeline is arranged between the layers in a penetrating manner; a gas suction pipeline inlet of the gas suction pipeline penetrates through the dryer layer to enter a forming chamber and is formed in the oblique upper part of a forming platform; a gas suction pipeline outlet of the gas suction pipeline is positioned in the liquid filtering medium layer and inserted in the liquid surface for about 0.2-8mm; and a gas suction fan is arranged in the gas suction pipeline, so that dust in the forming chamber can be sucked in the gas suction pipeline, then the gas is filtered by the liquid filtering medium layer, the rough filtering medium layer and the fine filtering medium layer in sequence and dried by the dryer layer, and then returns to the forming chamber. The dust filtering device has numerous advantages the technical means is simple, convenient and feasible, the cost is low, and the device is convenient to use and maintain, small in volume and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of laser selective melting 3D printing molding equipment, and relates to a smoke filter device and a use method for laser selective melting 3D printing. Background technique [0002] 3D printing is also called additive manufacturing. During the laser selective melting 3D printing process, it needs to be protected by high-purity nitrogen, argon and other gases. However, since the high-energy laser beam is used to completely melt the powder material in the selected area, the movement of the powder during the powder spreading process, the splash during the melting and forming process, the vapor of the low melting point metal component, and the combustion of non-metallic impurities in the powder will all produce smoke. Diffuse to the entire molding room of the laser selective melting 3D printing equipment, which has a harmful effect on the molding process. Serious hazards include: [0003] (1) During molding, s...

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Problems solved by technology

However, since the high-energy laser beam is used to completely melt the powder material in the selected area, the movement of the powder during the powder spreading process, the splash during the melting and forming process, the vapor of the low melting point metal component, and the combustion of non-metallic impurities in the powder will all produce smoke. Diffuse to the entire molding room of the laser selective melting 3D printing equipment, which has a harmful effect on the molding process. Serious hazards include:

[0003] (1) During molding, smoke and dust continue to accumulate, and the concentration of smoke and dust particles in the protective atmosphere is increasing, which will pollute the light-transmitting lens and reduce the transmittance of the light-transmitting lens. The power of the laser incident on the powder surface is insufficient, and the powder is not melted. Sufficiently, the light-transmitting lens may also be heated and cracked due to the absorption of a large amount of laser energy

[0004] (2) The dust pollutes the guide rails, motors, walls of the molding chamber, etc., which affects the aesthetics of the molding process;

[0005] (3) The smoke and dust falling on the powder also affects the purity of the powder and the molded parts, resulting in possible changes in the composition of the parts, and the recovered powder needs more treatment before being reused

[0006] Therefore, it is very necessary to purify the atmosphere of the molding chamber during the molding process. The existing dust filtration method for laser selective melting 3D printing mainly uses an external circulating fan to extract the dust-containing gas, and then passes it through a porous filter medium (usually a cylindrical chemical fiber Filter element or plate-and-frame filter) to filter and recirculate back to the molding chamber, which generally requires a high-power fan or vacuum pump equipment, which is large in size, complex in structure and expensive, which increases the manufacturing and operating costs of 3D printing equipment, and also makes The portability of the equipment is poor; and the porous filter medium is only used for filtration. For example, the laser selective melting equipment has been running for a long time or the porous filter medium has not been replaced for a long time. Poor, even cause filter equipment failure

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