Cold-proof drought-resistant cultivation method for potatoes

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold-proof drought-resistant cultivation method for potatoes, and relates to the technical field of potato cultivation. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: selecting varieties, processing potato seeds, preparing soil and ridging, sowing and applying a fertilizer, laying a trickle irrigation pipeline and watering, laminating a film and covering soil, taking cold-proof measures, preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests, harvesting and grading. Compared with a normal no-tillage cultivation and straw covering cultivation technology, the cold-proof drought-resistant cultivation method for potatoes disclosed by the invention does not need to use straws for planting the potatoes, so that the production raw materials and the artificial operation cost are reduced, the cold-proof drought-resistant effects are good, and high-quality products are produced. Moreover, a green potato rate and morbidity are obviously reduced, the goods potato rate of the potatoes and the yield are increased, so that the economic benefits are remarkable.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of potato cultivation, in particular to an efficient potato cultivation method with high yield and high quality, reduced green potato rate, cold and drought resistance, and in particular to a cold and drought resistant potato cultivation method. Background technique [0002] Potato is the fifth largest crop in my country, with an annual planting area of ​​70 million mu and an output of about 100 million tons. It has comprehensive nutrition and can be used as both food and vegetable. Since the harvest of winter potatoes in southern China is in the gap in the national market, the price is relatively high and the economic benefits are significant. It has become a dominant crop to increase farmers' income in winter. [0003] At present, the potato cultivation technology widely used in the southern winter cropping area is the rice straw mulching cultivation technology. This technology is the no-tillage rice straw mulch ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] 1. The amount of rice straw required is relatively large. More than 1,300 kilograms of rice straw is needed per mu of potatoes (that is, 3 acres of rice straw is needed to plant 1 mu of potatoes), and the development in straw-scarce areas and multi-purpose areas of rice straw is limited; the amount of rice straw The large size also brings adverse consequences of declining economic benefits. Calculated at 0.3 yuan per kilogram of straw, the production input of enterprises or large planting households will increase by nearly 500 yuan per mu, which is very unfavorable for the development of potato production.

[0006] 2. The emergence of seedlings is slow and irregular, and the management of seedlings is more difficult. If the grass cover is too thick, it will not be conducive to the emergence of seedlings. If it is too thin, the water will evaporate easily, causing the seed potatoes to lose water.

[0008] 4. In the no-tillage planting mode of rice straw, the fertilizer is applied on the upper part of the rice straw in the middle and later stages, the fertilizer is not easy to infiltrate, the fertilizer utilization rate is low, the fertilizer efficiency is poor in the later stage of potato production, and the rice straw is not fully decomposed, and the utilization rate of rice straw dissolved fertilizer is not high.

[0009] 5. Due to the insufficient decomposition of straw, it will increase the difficulty of land preparation and rice planting in the next stubble paddy field

[0010] 6. Prone to rodent damage

Mice in the field have less food in winter and will build nests in the lower layer of straw and gnaw on the seed potatoes, seriously affecting the emergence of seedlings

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