A high-density aquaponics system

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-density fish and vegetable co-existing system which comprises fish tanks, a planting system and a water storage tank, wherein the planting system comprises hydroponic vegetable breeding grooves and river stone breeding beds; the fish tanks are connected with flow diversion tanks and a solid sewage separation tank; the solid sewage separation tank is connected with a bacterial sewage decomposition tank; the bacterial sewage decomposition tank is connected with the water storage tank; the water storage tank is connected with the flow diversion tanks through a water pump; the flow diversion tanks are connected with the planting system; the other end of the planting system is connected with the water storage tank through a pipeline. A fish breeding system is adopted for generating nutritional water, and the nutritional water is diverted into the planting system through the flow diversion tanks and provides normal nutrition for plant growth; large-scale high-density production can be realized and the efficiency is high; water subjected to multiple purification is relatively good in quality; breeding and planting system structures are independent; the co-existing system is simple in structure and convenient to manage and maintain; the breeding system is low in operation cost, low in energy consumption and environment-friendly; the co-existing system has the characteristics of simple structure, stability and convenience for mounting, maintenance and operation; diversity of culture of leaf vegetables and melon and fruit vegetables can be realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of symbiotic systems, in particular to a high-density fish and vegetable symbiotic system. Background technique [0002] Fish and vegetable symbiosis is a new type of compound farming system. It combines aquaculture and hydroponics, two completely different farming techniques, through ingenious ecological design, to achieve scientific synergy and symbiosis, so as to realize fish farming without changing water. There is no water quality concern, and the ecological symbiosis effect of growing vegetables without fertilization; in traditional aquaculture, with the accumulation of fish excrement, the ammonia nitrogen in the water body increases, and the toxicity gradually increases; The cultured water is transported to the hydroponic cultivation system, and the ammonia nitrogen in the water is decomposed into nitrite and nitrate alkali by microbial bacteria, which are then absorbed and utilized by plants as nutrients. Sin...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] The existing farming system modes include open-loop mode and closed-loop mode. In the open-loop mode, no closed-circuit circulation is formed between the cultivation pond and the planting tank (or bed), and the wastewater discharged from the cultivation pond is used as disposable irrigation water to directly supply vegetable planting. The system does not form a return flow, and only replenishes new water to the breeding pond each time. The poisonous gas contained in the new water is basically free, which is good for fish growth. However, this method wastes water resources and is costly, and the water in the planting system is not sufficient. Utilization, this mode can be used in places with sufficient water sources; in the closed circulation mode, the water discharged from the cultivation pond is treated by the nitrification bed microorganisms, and then enters the vegetable cultivation system in a circular manner, and is filtered through the biological absorption of vegetable roots, and then treated The waste water is returned to the culture pond, and the water forms a closed circuit among the culture pond, filtrate bed and planting tank.

The existing closed cycle does not use a reservoir, and the fish tank is used as a reservoir, which will affect the fish tank culture, and the filtered water quality will still have solid precipitation, which will affect some planting that is not suitable for silt

Chinese patent application "A Simple, High-yield and Eco-friendly Farming System" (Patent Application No. 201410037615.1), including sequentially connected aquaculture ponds, sewage treatment systems, water purification areas and water return to the breeding pond reuse system; The fish and vegetable symbiosis breeding pond is equipped with a bottom sewage extraction system. The bottom sewage extraction system is connected to the sewage treatment system through pipelines. In the literature, fish cultivation and vegetable cultivation are placed in the same cultivation pond at the same time, which has the following disadvantages: 1) It is easy to cause water quality to deteriorate, and long-term use will affect the growth of fish; 2) The proportion of fish and vegetables needs special requirements. The area for planting vegetables should not exceed one-third of the aquaculture pond. The vegetable planting area is small and the water consumption is large. Large-scale drainage facilities are required, with high construction costs, high electricity consumption, and high energy consumption; 3) Because there is not enough planting area, that is, there is not enough extruded polystyrene plastic foam board on the water surface, resulting in fast water evaporation, no heat preservation, and water temperature A large range is not good for plant growth. The water temperature is similar to the room temperature, so it is difficult to make the water temperature "warm in winter and cool in summer"; 4) Too much water causes the water flow to slow down, unless the water pump is very large, but using a large water pump consumes more power), water Slow flow rate will cause dirt (especially ammonia) to accumulate, weaken the resistance of fish, and make fish more prone to disease; 5) Large water area is inconvenient to harvest. If the water is deep, it may be necessary to use boats or large machines for transplanting, harvesting and cleaning Bug, doing so is slow, costly, and not work-effective

If the water is shallow, people (wearing fishing suits) may be used to work in the water, but every time the whole body needs to be disinfected, if one is not careful, it will cause the infection of the human virus to the plants. In addition, it is difficult to transport by manpower, and the workers need to bend over for a long time, which is not good for the spine. Healthy, shallow water is also unfavorable to the growth of certain fish; 6) Some fish will eat or damage the roots of plants if they are not fed enough; 7) It is difficult to clean and maintain the system, if too much dirt accumulates at the bottom of the pool, or the system Failure, it is necessary to drain the water of the whole system, and the plant breeding production needs to be suspended at this time. It will not affect the production); 8) planting fruit plants requires the installation of climbing frames or climbing lines, which is extremely difficult to install on a large pool, because there is no shelf or fixing point for hanging ropes, so this system is not suitable for high Large-scale production of density; Chinese patent application "a fish-vegetable symbiosis pond with closed loop mode" (patent application number 201220440814.3), including a fish culture pond and a vegetable cultivation pond connected by pipes at the bottom of the fish cultivation pond, and the fish are connected by a water pump The culture pond and the vegetable cultivation pond form a cycle, without solid dirt and sewage treatment devices, and the purification of the vegetable cultivation pond alone is not easy to remove toxic components such as ammonia nitrogen in the water, resulting in poor water quality and not conducive to fish growth; Chinese patent Apply for "A Fish and Vegetable Symbiosis Integrated System" (patent application number 201410161201.X), including aquaculture system, layered planting system, raw material addition mechanism and algae cultivation and processing addition device; the aquaculture system includes aquaculture tank, water quality conversion The tank body and the physical and biological filtration tank body used to filter fish and shrimp excreta; the planting system includes a planting layer frame, a nutrient solution recovery filter tank, a nutrient solution activation tank, and a nutrient solution deployment monitoring device, which is carried out by an automatic control system. The monitoring and deployment of nutrient solution enables the breeding system and planting system to obtain the nutrients needed for growth. There are many regulating valve testing instruments involved, the structure is complex, and the control modules are many. The control is complicated, and the nutrients required in the planting system pass through Feeding fish food or adding seaweed powder (supplementing trace elements) to adjust can not achieve accurate adjustment, control the total amount of target elements, it is difficult to control in case of power failure, it is easy to cause a lot of losses, and requires a lot of energy consumption, high cost, layered The planting system and the single-tank breeding system are too large, using lighting devices instead of natural light, which has a great impact on the growth of planted plants, and the product quality is lower than that of natural light, which brings inconvenience to maintenance and supervision and maintenance, and maintenance costs High, and the cultivation system increases equipment investment through independent purification equipment, the structure is more complex, the cost is higher, and the nutrient film pipeline (NFT) is used to cultivate, the oxygen content is low, and it is easy to cause plant root disease and the entry of solid impurities. It is easy to cause inconvenient cleaning. When increasing and deepening the pipeline for scale expansion, the load capacity of the support will double, resulting in high cost, and layered planting cannot grow fruity plants.

Therefore, in the closed-loop cycle of the existing aquaponics system, the production efficiency is low, the breeding density is small, the scale is not easy to expand, the sewage treatment is not good, the cost is high, the energy saving effect is not good and the maintenance is inconvenient

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