Artificial perlite and puffed products and preparation method of artificial perlite

Abstract

The invention relates to artificial perlite and puffed products and a preparation method of artificial perlite. The artificial perlite is prepared by the following steps: by using calcium bentonite and an alkali metal silicate aqueous solution as raw materials, properly introducing an auxiliary function aid; and puffing at a certain temperature to obtain the artificial perlite puffed product. The preparation method is a moulding and mixture-ageing method and a mechanical shearing method. The artificial perlite is high in utilization ratio of raw materials and low in puffing temperature. The puffed products are numerous in variety, stable and controllable in physical and chemical properties, and good in mechanical strength and fireproof performance. The preparation method is simple in preparation process and basically free from dust pollution in the preparation process, and is suitable for industrial production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of perlite material and its preparation, in particular to an artificial perlite and puffed product and its preparation method. Background technique [0002] After the natural perlite magma is ejected from the surface, it is cooled by the atmosphere, and the magma condenses rapidly, and a large amount of water vapor fails to escape from the magma, forming a water-containing glassy lava; because of its pearly crack structure, it is named perlite. Perlite is mainly composed of volcanic glass, containing crystalline minerals such as quartz and plagioclase. Its XRD spectrum is as follows figure 1 shown. [0003] Natural perlite is a non-metallic mineral with pearly luster, mostly light gray, dark green, yellowish white or brown; including perlite, obsidian and pitch rock, the three have the same chemical composition, the main component is SiO 2 、Al 2 o 3 , CaO, R 2 O and a certain amount of combined crystal water, but...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0017] (1) Natural perlite is a natural silicate mineral, its glassy content and various physical and chemical properties are completely determined by the geological conditions and geological change process of the mineral formation area, and the grade of natural perlite produced in different mining areas varies greatly. Affected by the local environment, most natural perlite has serious devitrification and low expansion ratio, which cannot meet the production requirements of perlite;

[0018] (2) The puffing temperature of natural perlite is high, the energy consumption is large, and the production cost is high

[0019] (3) During the processing of natural perlite, the yield of ore sand that meets the production standards is relatively low

The use of natural perlite is limited to ore sand above 0.18mm, and the rest of the powder ore is discarded as tailings. Since natural perlite is processed by mechanical crushing, 30-40% of perlite ore powder is produced during the production process; The stacking of these mineral powders not only takes up a lot of land, but also causes dust to fly, causing secondary pollution to the environment;

[0020] (4) Natural perlite produces a large amount of dust in the production process. According to research, perlite dust has the ability to cause fibrosis to the lungs and is harmful to the health of workers

Natural perlite ore is prone to fragmentation and pulverization during transportation and receiving external impact; these ore powders lose weight after being expanded at high temperature, float in the air, and are difficult to settle in a short time, causing dust pollution;

[0021] Products directly expanded from natural perlite are mainly light-weight granules with a single form; to prepare boards, etc., organic or inorganic binders need to be introduced, which not only increases the cost, but is also limited by the type and performance of the binder. The physical and chemical properties of the prepared board such as water resistance are not ideal

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