Crude oil reduced pressure distillation method for eliminating choke point in pressure reduction process

Abstract

The invention discloses a crude oil reduced pressure distillation method for eliminating a choke point in a pressure reduction process. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing heat exchange on atmospheric pressure residual oil through an atmospheric pressure furnace convection section and a reduced pressure furnace convection section, raising the temperature by 5-20 DEG C, then feeding the residual oil into a reduced pressure flash column, operating the reduced pressure flash column at 5-30kPa, at the same time, introducing reduced pressure flash column light lube oil as washing oil from the upper part of a reduced pressure distillation column, performing heat exchange on a gas on the top of the reduced pressure flash column, condensing, cooling and directly extracting the gas as a product, extracting the washing oil in the middle of the reduced pressure flash column, feeding the washing oil below a light lube oil extracting plate of the reduced pressure flash column, feeding the flash base oil of the reduced pressure flash column into a reduced pressure furnace, heating to be 370-410 DEG C, feeding into the reduced pressure distillation column through an oil transfer line, performing reduced pressure fractionation, and then extracting products of different fractions from a side line of the reduced pressure distillation column. The method improves the crude oil reduced pressure distillation process, eliminates the choke points of the reduced pressure furnace and the reduced pressure distillation column, reduces energy consumption, improves the treatment capacity and increases the economic benefits of a device.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of petroleum refining, and in particular relates to a crude oil vacuum distillation method for eliminating the bottleneck of the vacuum process. Background technique [0002] The crude oil distillation process is the first process of petroleum refining. It divides crude oil into components with different distillation ranges by means of atmospheric pressure and vacuum distillation to meet the process requirements of products and raw materials of downstream devices. At present, the conventional crude oil distillation process mostly adopts the conventional "two furnaces and three towers" process of "initial distillation (flash) tower-atmospheric furnace-atmospheric tower-vacuum furnace-vacuum tower". The level of light oil yield and energy consumption directly affect the economic benefits of the unit. [0003] At present, with the continuous extraction of crude oil, the supply ratio of heavy crude oil and extra-heavy cr...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, this method does not eliminate the processing bottlenecks of the vacuum furnace and vacuum tower

[0009] When decompressing and deep drawing crude oil, there are two main bottlenecks: one is that the load of the decompression furnace is too large, the newly designed device needs a high-load heating furnace, and the modified device is difficult to use the existing old heating furnace. Furnace, but need to add a heating furnace on the original basis or directly redesign; Second, the operating load of the vacuum distillation tower is too large, the newly designed device requires a larger tower diameter, and the modified device is difficult to use the existing old installations that need to be rebuilt

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