A kind of highly flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam and its preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses high-flame retardant rigid polyurethane foaming plastic and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: evenly mixing polyol, a compound flame retardant, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer and a catalyst to prepare a polyurethane composition A; controlling the material temperature and mould temperature, adding isocyanate into A, and stirring evenly; and pouring the evenly mixed liquid into a mould for foaming to obtain the high-flame retardant rigid polyurethane foaming plastic after foaming and curing. According to the high-flame retardant rigid polyurethane foaming plastic and the preparation method, halogen-free environment-friendly solid flame retardant aluminum hypophosphite, phenyl aluminum hypophosphite, and halogen-free liquid flame retardant dimethyl methylphosphonate are adopted for being compounded with cyclic phosphonate flame retardant to replace a conventional halogen-containing flame retardant, and a dispersant is adopted for enabling the solid-phase flame retardant to be evenly dispersed in the liquid-phase flame retardant, so as to achieve the effect of efficient synergistic flame retardance, effectively solve the problem that ordinary rigid polyurethane foam plastic is poor in flame retardance, meanwhile also maintain various superior performances of PU (Polyurethane) rigid foam.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a polyurethane material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a high flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Rigid polyurethane foam (referred to as PU rigid foam) is one of the most important varieties of polyurethane material systems, with excellent physical and mechanical properties, acoustic properties, electrical properties, and acid and alkali resistance. Its closed cell rate is above 90%. It is a hydrophobic material with good moisture-proof and waterproof performance, good sound insulation and shockproof performance, and has strong adhesion with various materials, so it is widely used as a petrochemical pipeline. , refrigeration equipment, transportation equipment and building insulation materials. However, due to its low density, large specific surface area, and poor flame retardancy, the PU rigid foam without flame-retardant treatment is a f...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the past two decades, my country has developed a variety of new flame retardants, such as dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), trichloroethyl phosphate (TCEP), tris (2,3-dibromopropyl) melamine Phosphorus- and halogen-containing organic liquid flame retardants such as ester (TBC) can increase the oxygen index to about 26%, but there is still a certain gap with the fire safety requirements for building insulation materials

And halogen-containing flame retardants will release a large amount of corrosive and highly toxic hydrogen halide gas when they burn, thus casting a shadow over their development prospects.

The flame retardant of polyurethane can also use solid flame retardants such as ammonium polyphosphate, borate, aluminum hydroxide, melamine, etc., but because of its poor dispersion in the polyurethane material system, the flame retardant effect is not good