A method for the efficient preparation of nickel-coated copper composite powder by sonochemistry

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and particularly relates to a method for efficiently preparing nickel-coating copper composite powder through cooperation of the high-energy ultrasonic technique and the hydrometallurgy. According to the method, the high-energy ultrasonic processing technique is combined with an alkaline chemical plating preparation method, the void effect, the shocking effect and the like of high-energy ultrasounds are adopted, the prepared nickel-coating copper composite powder is high in efficiency, excellent in dispersibility, even and free of agglomeration, particles are in ball shapes, the particle diameters range from 30 micrometers to 90 micrometers, the nickel coating is complete, plating layers are compact, and the powder is in the crystalline state. The method for preparing the nickel-coating copper composite powder through ultrasonic chemistry is simple in preparation technology, economical, efficient, complete in coating, free of segregation and capable of achieving industrial production of the high-quality nickel-coating copper composite powder.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of powder metallurgy, in particular to a method for preparing nickel-coated copper composite powder by combining high-energy ultrasonic technology and hydrometallurgy. Background technique [0002] In the prior art, the preparation methods of metal-coated composite powder mainly include sol-gel method, chemical vapor deposition method, electroless plating method, electroplating method, thermal decomposition-reduction method, etc., wherein the electroless plating method is based on electrolytic copper powder As the core material, the nickel salt is reduced with a reducing agent, so that the reduced nickel powder is coated on the copper to form a nickel-coated copper powder; but in this process, due to the large specific surface area of ​​the copper powder, the surface activation energy is relatively low. Large, need to add catalyst to obtain nickel-coated copper powder, the process is complicated, the operati...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] In the prior art, the preparation methods of metal-coated composite powder mainly include sol-gel method, chemical vapor deposition method, electroless plating method, electroplating method, thermal decomposition-reduction method, etc., wherein the electroless plating method is based on electrolytic copper powder As the core material, the nickel salt is reduced with a reducing agent, so that the reduced nickel powder is coated on the copper to form a nickel-coated copper powder; but in this process, due to the large specific surface area of ​​the copper powder, the surface activation energy is relatively low. Large, need to add catalyst to obtain nickel-coated copper powder, the process is complicated, the operation is difficult, and it is not conducive to product quality control; according to the search, the current patents for the preparation method of typical metal-coated composite powders are: Publication No. CN1988973A The invention patent provides a preparation method of nickel-plated copper powder, which uses palladium as a catalyst and hydrazine as a reducing agent to prepare nickel-plated copper powder; Palladium is used as an activator, and hydrazine is used as a reducing agent to coat a layer of nickel on the copper powder. The above-mentioned methods all have problems such as complicated process, high cost, and environmental pollution; the document "Preparation of New Ni-Cu Composite Coating" introduces The process of preparing nickel-coated copper powder by composite electroplating method: add copper powder to the nickel plating electrolyte containing nickel sulfate, nickel chlorate, and boric acid, control the pH value of the electrolyte to 3-4, the temperature to 45-60°C, and the current density 2—3A / dm 2 , to achieve the purpose of nickel plating on the surface of copper powder, the above-mentioned process has problems such as many chemical reagents used in the experiment, harsh experimental conditions, high test cost, complicated operation, and difficult industrial production; A production method of nickel-coated copper powder. Under the condition of alkaline plating solution, heating the nickel sulfate solution to 80-90°C, adding electrolytic copper powder to adjust the pH to 11.5-13.5, and adopting hydrazine as reduction to prepare nickel-coated copper powder, but when hydrazine is used as reducing agent to prepare nickel-coated copper powder, hydrazine plating solution is used, and the deposition rate of nickel is relatively low, so the efficiency is not high