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Sulfone electrolyte for lithium-air battery

A technology of sulfone electrolyte and lithium-air battery, which is applied in the direction of fuel cell half-cell and secondary battery-type half-cell, etc. It can solve the problems of irreversible decomposition of positive electrode, low reversible efficiency, unfavorable battery cycle, etc.

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-07-17
CHANGCHUN INST OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] Lithium-air batteries have attracted extensive attention due to their high energy storage capacity and environmental friendliness. However, in order to realize their application, a series of problems need to be solved, such as low electrolyte stability, poor rate performance, and reversible efficiency. inferior
An ideal lithium-air battery electrolyte should have properties such as low volatility, high oxygen solubility, and stability to superoxide ions. However, most lithium-air batteries currently use organic carbonate or ether electrolytes. These two types of electrolytes None of them can get good battery performance. If organic carbonate electrolyte is used, there are disadvantages such as low battery capacity, high charging voltage, and poor reversibility. The positive electrode will also undergo irreversible decomposition, producing a small amount of Li 2 CO 3 and other substances (Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2011, 133, 8040, Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2011, 115, 12399)
When the ether electrolyte was used for lithium-air batteries, although the product was desired, the ether electrolyte solution was extremely volatile, such as ethylene glycol dimethyl ether DME (Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2011, 158, A302, Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2011, 50, 8609), is not conducive to the cycle of the battery

Method used

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  • Sulfone electrolyte for lithium-air battery
  • Sulfone electrolyte for lithium-air battery
  • Sulfone electrolyte for lithium-air battery

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0023] In a glove box filled with high-purity argon, weigh 9 g of dimethyl sulfoxide and 1 g of LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 , made into a mixed solution, stirred evenly and left to stand for 2 hours to obtain a sulfone electrolyte.

[0024] Using KB carbon as the positive electrode, metal lithium sheet as the negative electrode, and the sulfone electrolyte prepared above as the electrolyte, a CR2025 button battery was assembled in a glove box filled with argon. The above coin cell was charged at room temperature at 0.05mAcm -2 The constant current charge and discharge test is carried out in a pure oxygen atmosphere, and the charge and discharge cut-off voltage is 2-4.5V. figure 1 It is the first charge and discharge curve diagram of the lithium-air battery obtained in Example 1 of the present invention, figure 1 A is the discharge curve, and B is the charge curve. It can be seen from the figure that at 0.05mAcm -2 Under the current density, the first discharge specific capacity is ...

Embodiment 2

[0026] In a glove box filled with high-purity argon, weigh 9 g of sulfolane and 1 g of LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 , made into a mixed solution, stirred evenly and left to stand for 2 hours to obtain a sulfone electrolyte.

[0027] Using KB carbon as the positive electrode, metal lithium sheet as the negative electrode, and the sulfone electrolyte prepared above as the electrolyte, a CR2025 button battery was assembled in a glove box filled with argon. The above coin cell was charged at 0.1mAcm at room temperature -2 The constant current charge and discharge test is carried out in a pure oxygen atmosphere, and the charge and discharge cut-off voltage is 2-4.5V. image 3 The lithium-air battery that obtains for the embodiment 2 of the present invention is at 0.1mAcm -2 The cycle performance graph under the current density, it can be seen from the graph that at 0.1mAcm -2 The battery can be cycled stably for 10 times under the current density. Figure 4 The lithium-air battery rate ...

Embodiment 3

[0029] In a glove box filled with high-purity argon, weigh 8.5g sulfolane and 1gLiPF with a microanalytical electronic balance 6 , made into a mixed solution, weighed 0.5 g of additive propane sultone and added to the above solution, stirred evenly and left to stand for 2 hours to obtain a sulfone electrolyte.

[0030] Using KB carbon as the positive electrode, metal lithium sheet as the negative electrode, and the sulfone electrolyte prepared above as the electrolyte, a CR2025 button battery was assembled in a glove box filled with argon. The above coin cell was charged at room temperature at 0.05mAcm -2 The constant current charge and discharge test is carried out in a pure oxygen atmosphere, the charge and discharge cut-off voltage is 2-4.5V, the discharge platform is 2.7V, and the discharge capacity is 9200mAh / g.

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Abstract

The invention provides a sulfone electrolyte for a lithium-air battery, belonging to the technical field of electrochemical energy materials. The electrolyte comprises lithium salts and an organic solvent. The organic solvent is one or more selected from dimethyl sulfoxide, phenyl sulfoxide, sulfoxide chloride, sulfolane and dipropyl sulfone. The sulfone electrolyte provided by the invention has the advantages of low volatility, high oxygen dissolving capacity and wide electrochemical windows, particularly has excellent stability to superoxide radicals, and is beneficial to generation of reverse products and inhabitation to side reactions; and after the sulfone electrolyte is applied to the lithium-air battery, the reversibility of the battery is further improved, and the capacity, rate capability and cycling stability of the battery are all obviously improved. Experimental results show that with respect to a button cell assembled by using the sulfone electrolyte disclosed by the invention, the first specific discharge capacity can be up to 9400mA / hg when the current density is 0.05mA / cm<2>.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical energy materials, and in particular relates to a sulfone electrolyte for a lithium-air battery. Background technique [0002] Lithium-air batteries have attracted extensive attention due to their high energy storage capacity and environmental friendliness. However, in order to realize their applications, a series of problems need to be solved, such as low electrolyte stability, poor rate performance, and reversible efficiency. inferior. The ideal lithium-air battery electrolyte should have properties such as low volatility, high oxygen solubility, and stability to superoxide ions. However, most lithium-air batteries currently use organic carbonate or ether electrolytes. These two types of electrolytes None of them can get good battery performance. If organic carbonate electrolyte is used, there are disadvantages such as low battery capacity, high charging voltage, and poor reversibility. ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M12/08
CPCY02E60/10
Inventor 张新波徐丹徐吉静
Owner CHANGCHUN INST OF APPLIED CHEMISTRY - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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