Catalyst for preparing isoamylene by splitting decomposition of t-amyl-methyl ether and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a multicomponent (X / Z2O3 / YO4 / Al2O3) catalyst for preparing isoamylene and a preparation method thereof. According to the method, the catalyst comprises the following components by weight percent: 20% to 95% of Al2O3, 0.1% to 20% of Z2O3, 0.1% to 50% of YO4 and 0.1% to 40% of X. The catalyst can take a reaction to prepare the isoamylene by the splitting decomposition of t-amyl-methyl ethe at a temperature lower than that of the existing catalyst of the same type. Under the condition that the high selection on the isobutene and the methanol and the high conversion rate of the splitting decomposition of the t-amyl-methyl ether are guaranteed, as compared with the existing catalyst of the same type, the catalyst provided by the invention has the effects that the space velocity of liquids in the reaction is improved exponentially, and water and other inert substances are not required to be added into a splitting decomposition reaction system of the t-amyl-methyl ether. Therefore, under the condition of unchanging the existing reaction equipment, the energy consumption in the industrial production is lowered, and the equipment utilization rate is improved exponentially.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the preparation and application of a catalyst for preparing isopentene by cracking methyl tert-amyl ether (TAME). Mainly concerned with rare earth oxides, YO 4 ＝ and multi-component X / Z with halogen supported on Al2O3 2 o 3 / YO 4 ＝ / Al 2 o 3 type catalyst. Background technique [0002] Isoamyl is a mixture of 2-methyl-2-butene and 2-methyl-1-butene, and 2-methyl-2-butene is the active ingredient in most reactions, so 2-methyl-2 - The higher the butene content, the higher the value contained. As an important chemical raw material, isobutylene is widely used in the production of isoprene, pinacolone (methyl tert-butyl ketone), tert-amyl alcohol, spices and pesticides, and can also be used as an intermediate for synthetic rubber and resin, among which For the production of pesticides and spices accounted for the vast majority. Especially with the prohibition of phosphorus-containing pesticides in China, isopentene has b...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

But the temperature is high, and some side reactions will also occur, such as the loss of isopentene caused by the oligomerization of isopentene; the methanol obtained by cracking is dehydrated to generate dimethyl ether, and the production of dimethyl ether will reduce the recovery rate of methanol, resulting in the need to regenerate Add a large amount of methanol to the initial etherification reaction system; the water produced during the formation of dimethyl ether and the hydration of isopentene also cause the loss of the product, and the generation of by-product tert-amyl alcohol increases the cost of the separation and purification of the product, etc.

The disadvantage of ion exchange resin catalysts is poor high temperature resistance. When the reaction temperature is too high, the active components in it are easy to decompose and fall off. Due to the limitation of the reaction temperature, the conversion rate of the reaction is low.

The disadvantages of heteropoly acid system catalysts are low space velocity for etherolysis reaction, low production efficiency, relatively high reaction temperature, and high energy consumption

The conversion rate of TAME by fluoride system catalyst is relatively low

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