Method for preparing metal sodium through electrolysis

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing metal sodium through electrolysis. The method comprises the following steps: at normal temperature and normal pressure, applying a direct current voltage to and an anode and a cathode to drive sedum ions to selectively penetrate through a sodium ion selective permeability diaphragm from an anode region to a cathode region based on the cathode as a negative potential and the anode as a positive potential, and reacting at the inert gas atmosphere so that metal sodium is electrolysized and reduced at the cathode, wherein the anode region of an electrolytic cell is filled with an aqueous solution containing sodium ions, the cathode region is filled with a non-aqueous solvent with a sodium ion conductivity, and the anode region and the cathode region of the electrolytic cell are separated by the sodium ion selective permeability membrane. The method for preparing metal sodium through electrolysis under mild conditions avoids severe conditions which are required to prepare sodium metal by a traditional high temperature molten electrolysis process, can greatly reduce the energy consumption, and further lowers adverse impacts on the environment.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of electrolytic preparation of sodium metal, and specifically relates to a method for sodium ion enrichment and electrolytic preparation of sodium metal. A sodium ion selective permeable membrane is used to separate the cathode area and the anode area of ​​an electrolytic cell. The diaphragm has sodium ions Specific selectivity and rapid passage performance, while isolating the non-aqueous solvent in the cathode area and the aqueous electrolyte in the anode area. After a certain potential is applied to the cathode and anode, sodium ions quickly pass through the sodium ion selective permeable membrane and enter the cathode area for enrichment , other ions are blocked by the diaphragm; sodium ions are electrolytically reduced to metal sodium on the cathode, and corresponding oxidation reactions occur on the anode. The preparation method is used to selectively separate sodium ions in complex aqueous phases and prepare high...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

β-Al as separator 2 o 3 , β”-Al 2 o 3 Or NASICON type solid electrolyte, which has high conductivity, high density, high strength and uniform microstructure, but the study found that sodium deposition may occur in the process of electrolytic preparation of metallic sodium by the fast sodium ion conductor as the diaphragm, namely Sodium atoms are deposited and accumulated in the lattice of sodium fast ion conductor or in the grain boundary of polycrystalline material, which will cause the material to crack or be corroded or produce electronic conduction, which will affect the service life of the diaphragm

At present, the sodium fast ion conductor is used as the diaphragm, and the electrolytic melting method is used to prepare sodium metal, but the large-scale production has not been realized.

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