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Microwave plasma decomposition Freon innocent treatment method

A technology of microwave plasma and harmless treatment, which is applied in separation methods, chemical instruments and methods, and separation of dispersed particles, etc. It can solve the problems of high equipment cost, harsh conditions, and the failure of Freon decomposition technology to form a sufficient scale for industrial application. , to achieve the effect of high ionization degree, complete reaction and high degree of dissociation

Inactive Publication Date: 2010-09-15
TIANJIN ACADEMY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The high-frequency plasma decomposition method uses thermal plasma at an ultra-high temperature of 8,000 to 10,000°C to rapidly decompose Freon. The conditions are relatively harsh and the equipment cost is high.
Due to the above reasons, the decomposition technology of Freon has not yet formed a sufficient scale of industrial application

Method used

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  • Microwave plasma decomposition Freon innocent treatment method
  • Microwave plasma decomposition Freon innocent treatment method
  • Microwave plasma decomposition Freon innocent treatment method

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0022] Application of microwave plasma decomposing freon harmless treatment method provided by the invention to commercially available freon-12 (R-12, i.e. difluorodichloromethane CCl 2 f 2 ) for harmless treatment, which is characterized in that Freon-12, water vapor and argon gas mixture as carrier gas are reacted and decomposed in a microwave plasma reactor, and the decomposition products are absorbed and transformed, so that Freon is decomposed into Carbon dioxide and hydrogen halide and converted into carbonates and halides; image 3 It shows the process flow of microwave plasma decomposing freon harmless treatment method. The treatment system mainly includes a gas mixing chamber for raw material gas mixing, a microwave plasma reactor A, a cooling washing absorption device and a filter pool, the gas outlet of the gas mixing chamber and the The air inlet of the microwave plasma reactor A is connected, the reaction product gas outlet of the microwave plasma reactor A is co...

Embodiment 2

[0029] Application of microwave plasma decomposing freon harmless treatment method provided by the present invention, commercially available freon-13 (R-13, i.e. chlorotrifluoromethane CClF 3 ) for harmless treatment.

[0030] The difference between this example and Example 1 is: the carrier gas is changed to nitrogen, the total volume flow rate of Freon-13 mixed with nitrogen and water vapor is 0.5L / min, the molar ratio of Freon to water vapor is 1:1, Freon The volume flow of -13 accounts for 10% of the total volume flow of the mixed gas, that is, its volume flow is 0.05L / min; the mass flow of water vapor is 0.16g / min, the volume flow of nitrogen is 0.4L / min, and the temperature in the reaction tube is 1000 -1120 DEG C; The technical process, other operating conditions and test methods of this example are all the same as in Example 1. In this example, the decomposition rate of Freon-13 reached 99.9%.

Embodiment 3

[0032] Application of microwave plasma decomposing freon harmless treatment method provided by the present invention, commercially available freon-22 (R-22, i.e. difluorochloromethane CHClF 2 ) for harmless treatment.

[0033] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the carrier gas is changed to argon, the total volume flow rate of Freon-22 mixed with argon and water vapor is 3L / min, and the molar ratio of Freon-22 to water vapor is 1: 3. The volume flow of Freon-22 accounts for 5% of the total volume flow of the mixed gas, that is, its volume flow is 0.15L / min, the mass flow of water vapor is 0.48g / min, and the temperature in the reaction tube is 1000-1160°C; The volumetric flow rate is 2.4L / min; the technical process, other operating conditions and test methods of this example are all the same as in Example 1. In this case, the decomposition rate of Freon-22 reached 99.6%.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a microwave plasma decomposition Freon innocent treatment method, which is characterized in that: the mixed gas of Freon, water vapor and carrier gas is subjected to decomposition reaction in a microwave plasma reactor and the decomposition product is absorbed and converted. The method comprises the steps of: (1) mixing the Freon, the water vapor and the carrier gas, wherein the molar ratio of the Freon to the water vapor is 1:1-4, and the volume flow of the Freon is 0.1 to 10 percent of the total volume flow of the mixed gas; (2) introducing the mixed gas into the microwave plasma reactor, transmitting microwaves to a resonant cavity through a rectangular waveguide tube, regulating a short-circuit piston to make the resonant frequency of the resonant cavity consistent with the microwave frequency, igniting to excite the carrier gas into plasma, and performing the reaction decomposition on the plasma, the water vapor and the Freon; and (3) performing washing, absorption and separation on the reaction-generated gas. The microwave plasma decomposition Freon innocent treatment method has the advantages of mild decomposition condition, completely full reaction, high decomposition rate, no secondary pollution, energy conservation, low cost, and easy realization of industrialized application.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of toxic and harmful waste gas treatment, in particular to a harmless treatment method for freon decomposed by microwave plasma. Background technique [0002] Freons (CFCs) are industrially produced compounds containing fluorine, chlorine, carbon, and hydrogen. They have been widely used as refrigerants, foam blowing agents, cleaning agents for electronic components, aerosol propellants, and fire extinguishing agents. However, CFCs destroy the ozone layer of the atmosphere and are also one of the greenhouse gases that cause global warming. There are three ways to solve the environmental problems caused by Freon: (1) realize zero discharge of Freon; (2) carry out research on the synthesis of Freon substitutes; (3) decompose and transform Freon into harmless substances. There are still 2.25 million tons of freon in the world now in waste equipment. Once these freon are directly discharged into the atmosphere ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B01D53/76B01D53/70
Inventor 孙贻超卢学强邓小文马建立邵晓龙刘红磊袁敏张艳华王哲
Owner TIANJIN ACADEMY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCI
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