Coke cleaning system and method for plasma cracking reactor

Abstract

The invention provides a plasma pyrolysis reactor decoking system and a method thereof. The system comprises a pre-combustion chamber, a rapid combustion chamber, a shock wave ejector device and a reactor; secondary combustible gas is deflagrated in the rapid combustion chamber by the deflagration and ignition of the gas in the pre-combustion chamber, and the generated shock wave is introduced into the inner wall of the reactor through the shock wave ejector device. The decoking method comprises: initial deflagration is generated by the premixed combustion of primary combustible gas and oxygen; the introduced secondary combustible gas is ignited, reducing atmosphere is generated to enhance the combustion reaction; finally, powerful shock wave is generated and directly acts on the inner wall of the reactor. By adopting prefiring deflagration in the pre-combustion chamber, the secondary combustible gas in the rapid combustion chamber can be ensure to be burnt rapidly; as the generated shock wave energy is high, the coked inner wall of the reactor can be effectively cleaned, and a channel of the reactor is kept smooth; furthermore, the acting time of the shock wave is very short and only has the magnitude of 10 milliseconds, thus not affecting the normal work of plasma torch.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of large-scale and high-efficiency gasification of coal, relates to the technology of plasma cracking coal to produce acetylene, in particular to a plasma cracking reactor coke cleaning system and method. Background technique [0002] Large-scale, high-efficiency direct liquefaction and gasification of coal, as well as high-efficiency and clean utilization of coal polygeneration have always been issues that our country attaches great importance to and urgently needs to be resolved. At home and abroad, a lot of basic research work has been carried out on the laboratory scale using hydrogen plasma cracking coal to acetylene technology, and rich research results have been obtained. The scientificity of plasma cracking coal to acetylene has been verified. [0003] In the process of plasma cracking coal, the temperature in the reaction furnace is high, and the fixed carbon and ash in the coal will be gasified or ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] In the process of plasma cracking coal, the temperature in the reaction furnace is high, and the fixed carbon and ash in the coal will be gasified or in a molten state, which is easy to adhere to the furnace wall to form a very strong coke, that is, coking occurs. The reaction furnace will be blocked within an hour, resulting in production interruption and shutdown for maintenance. Therefore, the technology of plasma cracking coal to acetylene in the world is still in the pilot test stage, and there are no reports of large-scale industrialized devices being put into operation.

In the process of plasma coal cracking to acetylene, the problem of coking on the inner wall of the reactor has always been a major problem hindering the further development of this process, which in turn has hindered the pace of its industrialization

In the early 1990s, foreign countries successively developed the technology of using oxygen plasma jet to remove hard carbon deposition on the wall of plasma reactor, the technology of coke removal technology in plasma pyrolysis reactor and the technology of gas pulse cleaning technology, but these technologies may have potential safety hazards And it is easy to damage the lining material, or it will destroy the atmosphere of the reactor, reduce the yield of acetylene, or the problem of coking in the reactor is not fundamentally solved due to factors such as too low coke cleaning energy and poor coke cleaning effect

Domestic scientific research institutions have proposed ways to eliminate coking from different angles, but have not given specific solutions to the problem

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