Process of extracting effective component from plant

Abstract

The process of extracting effective component from plant material includes crushing solid plant material mechanically, mixing with proper amount of chemical assistant, and extracting the effective component with water or ethanol. In the process, mechanical crushing of solid plant material produces micro shearing in the material interface and breaks cell wall to expose fresh cut surface, and the chemical assistant produces mutual adsorption with effective component, so that the process can alter the microscopic performance of the effective component and raise the leaching rate to 80-400 %. The present invention has shortened extraction period, high extraction efficiency, high extraction specificity, high selectivity, minimized organic solvent consumption and environment friendship.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology and relates to a method for extracting effective plant components. Background technique [0002] The active ingredients of plant medicine usually exist in the vacuoles in the cell protoplasm. When the cells are intact, the solvent must first infiltrate the plant surface, then penetrate the cell wall and cell membrane, enter the cell tissue, dissolve the active ingredients, and form a concentration difference inside and outside the cell. The high-concentration leachate is forced to diffuse from the inside to the outside, and the dilute leachate or fresh solvent replaces the concentrated leachate at any time to complete a leaching process. This is the basic principle of extracting active ingredients by conventional methods such as maceration, percolation, Soxhlet reflux extraction, and dynamic extraction. The complete cell wall and cell membrane will form resistance to the release of active ingredients,...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This is the basic principle of extracting active ingredients by conventional methods such as maceration, percolation, Soxhlet reflux extraction, and dynamic extraction. The complete cell wall and cell membrane will form resistance to the release of active ingredients, and the resistance increases with the increase in the number of cells in the cell mass. increase, so the conventional method can only rely on the use of a large amount of organic solvents, prolong the extraction time, and repeat the extraction steps for repeated extractions, which will inevitably result in complicated operation steps, long time, high energy consumption and low extraction efficiency. Extensive use of solvents causes inactivation and loss of some active ingredients, and even endangers human health and pollutes the surrounding environment

With the advancement and development of science and technology, the emergence of extraction technologies such as ultrasonic, microwave, supercritical, and ultrafine pulverization, although they have made significant progress compared with traditional technologies, their essence is to use different physical means to make plant particles Or the physical changes of the molecular clusters accelerate the dissolution of the active ingredients in the solvent, without changing the solubility of the active ingredients, that is, the original non-polar active ingredients still need organic solvents to dissolve and extract, so some active ingredients are poor in water solubility and bioavailability The low problem has not been fundamentally solved; and the specificity is poor, some active ingredients cannot be extracted specifically and directionally; due to the use of special equipment, some technologies are limited to laboratory research and cannot be applied to industrial production

Therefore, the imperfection of upstream extraction technology has long restricted the in-depth research and potential development and application prospects of plant active ingredients.